{"id":615073,"date":"2026-04-20T02:47:04","date_gmt":"2026-04-20T00:47:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-paris-le-23-octobre-2025-n25-04889\/"},"modified":"2026-04-20T02:47:04","modified_gmt":"2026-04-20T00:47:04","slug":"tribunal-judiciaire-de-paris-le-23-octobre-2025-n25-04889","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/ar\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-paris-le-23-octobre-2025-n25-04889\/","title":{"rendered":"Tribunal judiciaire de Paris, le 23 octobre 2025, n\u00b025\/04889"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Le tribunal judiciaire, statuant en juge unique des contentieux de la protection, a rendu un jugement par d\u00e9faut le 23 octobre 2025. Il s\u2019agissait d\u2019un litige entre une locataire sortante et sa bailleresse concernant la restitution d\u2019un d\u00e9p\u00f4t de garantie et un trop-per\u00e7u de loyer. Le tribunal a fait droit aux demandes de la requ\u00e9rante, condamnant la bailleresse d\u00e9faillante au remboursement des sommes dues et au paiement d\u2019une majoration l\u00e9gale de retard.<\/p>\n

L\u2019effectivit\u00e9 des proc\u00e9dures de conciliation pr\u00e9alable
\nLa saisine d\u2019une commission de conciliation constitue une \u00e9tape pr\u00e9alable obligatoire. L\u2019avis \u00e9mis par cette commission joue un r\u00f4le probatoire significatif dans la proc\u00e9dure judiciaire ult\u00e9rieure. “La demande de remboursement du d\u00e9p\u00f4t de garantie est suffisamment justifi\u00e9e par les pi\u00e8ces produites ce que la DRIHL avait au demeurant d\u00e9j\u00e0 relev\u00e9 dans son avis” (Motifs). La valeur de cet avis est renforc\u00e9e par la d\u00e9faillance de la partie convoqu\u00e9e, qui n\u2019a pas contest\u00e9 les faits. La port\u00e9e de cette solution assure l\u2019utilit\u00e9 pratique des commissions de conciliation en mati\u00e8re de bail d\u2019habitation.<\/p>\n

La sanction du d\u00e9faut de restitution du d\u00e9p\u00f4t de garantie
\nLe l\u00e9gislateur a pr\u00e9vu une sanction p\u00e9cuniaire dissuasive pour garantir la restitution rapide du d\u00e9p\u00f4t. Le calcul de cette majoration est strictement encadr\u00e9 et produit des effets substantiels. “En application des dispositions susvis\u00e9es, la majoration l\u00e9gale de retard \u00e0 la charge du bailleresse s\u2019\u00e9l\u00e8ve \u00e0 1.980 euros (55 euros X 36 mois)” (Motifs). Le sens de cette disposition est de cr\u00e9er une obligation forte pour le bailleur. Sa valeur r\u00e9side dans son caract\u00e8re automatique et son montant significatif, qui compense le pr\u00e9judice du locataire.<\/p>\n

Les cons\u00e9quences proc\u00e9durales de la d\u00e9faillance
\nLa d\u00e9faillance totale d\u2019une partie aux diff\u00e9rentes \u00e9tapes du litige influence l\u2019appr\u00e9ciation des preuves par le juge. L\u2019absence de contradiction permet une instruction simplifi\u00e9e et un jugement sur la base des seuls \u00e9l\u00e9ments fournis. “Cette derni\u00e8re est totalement d\u00e9faillante \u00e0 la pr\u00e9sente proc\u00e9dure, y compris devant la commission de conciliation, pour pr\u00e9senter ses observations” (Motifs). Le sens de cette approche est de ne pas p\u00e9naliser la partie diligente. La port\u00e9e en est une forme de sanction proc\u00e9durale pour la partie qui ne conteste pas.<\/p>\n

Le r\u00e9gime probatoire all\u00e9g\u00e9 pour le locataire
\nFace \u00e0 une bailleresse d\u00e9faillante, le locataire b\u00e9n\u00e9ficie d\u2019un all\u00e8gement de sa charge de preuve. La production de l\u2019avis de conciliation et des relances suffit \u00e0 \u00e9tablir le bien-fond\u00e9 de sa demande. “Il est en de m\u00eame concernant le trop per\u00e7u par la bailleresse” (Motifs). La valeur de ce r\u00e9gime est de prot\u00e9ger la partie la plus faible au contrat de bail. Sa port\u00e9e pratique est de faciliter l\u2019acc\u00e8s au juge pour les locataires l\u00e9s\u00e9s, en simplifiant les exigences probatoires.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le tribunal judiciaire, statuant en juge unique des contentieux de la protection, a rendu un jugement par d\u00e9faut le 23 octobre 2025. Il s\u2019agissait d\u2019un litig…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":232070755,"featured_media":4767,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_kj_source_type":"judilibre","_kj_official_id":"690118f92481d356bd28c380","_kj_official_url":"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/690118f92481d356bd28c380","_kj_judilibre_id":"690118f92481d356bd28c380","_kj_jur":"Tribunal judiciaire","_kj_lieu":"Tribunal judiciaire de Paris","_kj_chambre":"PCP JCP requ\u00eates","_kj_rg":"25\/04889","_kj_date":"2025-10-23","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[7597],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-615073","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jurisprudence"],"yoast_head":"\nTribunal judiciaire de Paris, le 23 octobre 2025, n\u00b025\/04889 - Ma\u00eetre Hassan Kohen, avocat en droit p\u00e9nal \u00e0 Paris<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le tribunal judiciaire, statuant en juge unique des contentieux de la protection, a rendu un jugement par d\u00e9faut le 23 octobre 2025. 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