{"id":649892,"date":"2026-04-22T17:26:14","date_gmt":"2026-04-22T15:26:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-montpellier-le-29-juillet-2022-n21-01523\/"},"modified":"2026-04-22T17:26:14","modified_gmt":"2026-04-22T15:26:14","slug":"tribunal-judiciaire-de-montpellier-le-29-juillet-2022-n21-01523","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/ar\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-montpellier-le-29-juillet-2022-n21-01523\/","title":{"rendered":"Tribunal judiciaire de Montpellier, le 29 juillet 2022, n\u00b021\/01523"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Le Tribunal judiciaire de Montpellier, par jugement du 29 juillet 2022, statue sur les suites d’une liquidation judiciaire. L’\u00e9tablissement bancaire poursuit le d\u00e9biteur principal et ses cautions pour le recouvrement d’un pr\u00eat. La question centrale r\u00e9side dans l’application des r\u00e8gles proc\u00e9durales de la liquidation et du r\u00e9gime de l’information annuelle des cautions. Le tribunal fixe la cr\u00e9ance au passif de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9bitrice et condamne solidairement les cautions, apr\u00e8s d\u00e9ch\u00e9ance de leurs int\u00e9r\u00eats pour d\u00e9faut d’information.<\/p>\n

Le r\u00e9gime des poursuites dans la liquidation judiciaire<\/p>\n

Les effets de l’ouverture de la proc\u00e9dure collective. Le jugement rappelle les interdictions de payer \u00e9dict\u00e9es par l’article L622-7 du code de commerce. Il pr\u00e9cise \u00e9galement l’interruption des instances jusqu’\u00e0 la d\u00e9claration de cr\u00e9ance, conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 l’article L622-22. Ces dispositions encadrent strictement l’action du cr\u00e9ancier contre le d\u00e9biteur principal d\u00e9sormais en liquidation. La port\u00e9e est de soumettre le recouvrement aux imp\u00e9ratifs de la proc\u00e9dure collective et de la discipline du passif.<\/p>\n

La fixation de la cr\u00e9ance au passif de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9bitrice. La juridiction constate le caract\u00e8re non contest\u00e9 du principal de la cr\u00e9ance et de ses accessoires. Elle rel\u00e8ve que le taux d’int\u00e9r\u00eat appliqu\u00e9 est inf\u00e9rieur au taux initial conventionnel. Le tribunal fixe donc la cr\u00e9ance pour un montant d\u00e9termin\u00e9 \u00e0 titre chirographaire. La valeur de cette solution r\u00e9side dans le respect des r\u00e8gles de la liquidation, qui imposent une d\u00e9claration et un examen des cr\u00e9ances. Elle pr\u00e9serve les droits du cr\u00e9ancier tout en l’int\u00e9grant au rang qui lui est assign\u00e9 par la loi.<\/p>\n

Le r\u00e9gime de la caution et la sanction du d\u00e9faut d’information<\/p>\n

L’application stricte de l’obligation d’information annuelle. Le tribunal applique l’article L313-22 du code mon\u00e9taire et financier. “Le d\u00e9faut d’accomplissement de la formalit\u00e9 pr\u00e9vue \u00e0 l’alin\u00e9a pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent emporte, dans les rapports entre la caution et l’\u00e9tablissement tenu \u00e0 cette formalit\u00e9, d\u00e9ch\u00e9ance des int\u00e9r\u00eats \u00e9chus depuis la pr\u00e9c\u00e9dente information jusqu’\u00e0 la date de communication de la nouvelle information.” (Motifs de la d\u00e9cision). La sanction est automatique et prot\u00e8ge la caution d’une m\u00e9connaissance de sa situation. La port\u00e9e est imp\u00e9rative et s’impose au cr\u00e9ancier, qui en supporte les cons\u00e9quences financi\u00e8res.<\/p>\n

La solidarit\u00e9 des cautions et le rejet des d\u00e9lais de paiement. La condamnation solidaire des \u00e9poux cautions est fond\u00e9e sur l’article 220 du code civil. Les d\u00e9fendeurs sollicitent des d\u00e9lais de paiement sur le fondement de l’article 1343-5 du Code civil. Le juge rejette cette demande au motif de l’absence de justification de leur situation patrimoniale. La solution affirme le caract\u00e8re strict de la condition des d\u00e9lais de paiement. La valeur est de rappeler que la facult\u00e9 d’am\u00e9nagement du juge est subordonn\u00e9e \u00e0 la preuve d’une situation le justifiant.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le Tribunal judiciaire de Montpellier, par jugement du 29 juillet 2022, statue sur les suites d’une liquidation judiciaire. L’\u00e9tablissement bancaire poursuit…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":232070755,"featured_media":4664,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_kj_source_type":"","_kj_official_id":"","_kj_official_url":"","_kj_judilibre_id":"","_kj_jur":"","_kj_lieu":"","_kj_chambre":"","_kj_rg":"","_kj_date":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[7597],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-649892","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jurisprudence"],"yoast_head":"\nTribunal judiciaire de Montpellier, le 29 juillet 2022, n\u00b021\/01523 - Ma\u00eetre Hassan Kohen, avocat en droit p\u00e9nal \u00e0 Paris<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le Tribunal judiciaire de Montpellier, par jugement du 29 juillet 2022, statue sur les suites d'une liquidation judiciaire. 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