{"id":657795,"date":"2026-04-23T10:06:38","date_gmt":"2026-04-23T08:06:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-havre-le-29-septembre-2025-n25-00300\/"},"modified":"2026-04-23T10:06:38","modified_gmt":"2026-04-23T08:06:38","slug":"tribunal-judiciaire-de-havre-le-29-septembre-2025-n25-00300","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/ar\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-havre-le-29-septembre-2025-n25-00300\/","title":{"rendered":"Tribunal judiciaire de Havre, le 29 septembre 2025, n\u00b025\/00300"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Le tribunal judiciaire du Havre, statuant en mati\u00e8re de contentieux de la protection, a rendu un jugement le vingt-neuf septembre deux mille vingt-cinq. Des bailleurs avaient donn\u00e9 \u00e0 bail un logement \u00e0 un couple, leur fils s’\u00e9tant port\u00e9 caution solidaire. Suite \u00e0 des impay\u00e9s, les bailleurs ont engag\u00e9 une proc\u00e9dure en r\u00e9siliation du bail et en paiement. Les locataires ayant quitt\u00e9 les lieux, le juge a statu\u00e9 sur la dette locative et des travaux de r\u00e9paration. La juridiction a condamn\u00e9 solidairement les locataires et la caution au paiement des sommes dues. Elle a \u00e9galement accord\u00e9 des d\u00e9lais de paiement \u00e0 la caution sur le fondement de l’article 1343-5 du code civil.<\/p>\n

La d\u00e9termination de la dette locative et des r\u00e9parations dues<\/p>\n

La preuve de l’obligation et le principe de l’engagement solidaire. Le juge rappelle le principe de la charge de la preuve en mati\u00e8re d’obligation. “celui qui r\u00e9clame l\u2019ex\u00e9cution d\u2019une obligation doit la prouver tandis que celui qui se pr\u00e9tend lib\u00e9r\u00e9 doit justifier le paiement” (article 1353 du code civil). Les bailleurs ont produit un d\u00e9compte d\u00e9taill\u00e9 de l’arri\u00e9r\u00e9 de loyers, \u00e9tablissant ainsi le montant de la cr\u00e9ance. La caution solidaire est engag\u00e9e de plein droit avec les principaux d\u00e9biteurs. La condamnation solidaire des locataires et de la caution en est la cons\u00e9quence directe, assurant au cr\u00e9ancier un recours efficace.<\/p>\n

La distinction subtile entre r\u00e9parations locatives et v\u00e9tust\u00e9. Le juge op\u00e8re une analyse rigoureuse des demandes de remise en \u00e9tat. Il rappelle que le locataire est tenu des d\u00e9gradations survenues pendant la location. “le preneur est tenu des d\u00e9gradations intervenues pendant la location” (article 1732 du code civil). Toutefois, il exclut les travaux de r\u00e9novation compl\u00e8te imputables \u00e0 la v\u00e9tust\u00e9 apr\u00e8s trois ans d’occupation. Seules les d\u00e9gradations et le d\u00e9faut d’entretien constat\u00e9s dans l’\u00e9tat des lieux de sortie sont retenus. Le juge use de son pouvoir souverain pour fixer un montant forfaitaire apr\u00e8s application d’un taux de v\u00e9tust\u00e9.<\/p>\n

La modulation des d\u00e9cisions en fonction de la situation personnelle<\/p>\n

L’octroi de d\u00e9lais de paiement pour la caution personne physique. Le juge applique les dispositions protectrices de l’article 1343-5 du code civil. Il peut “reporter ou \u00e9chelonner, dans la limite de deux ann\u00e9es, le paiement des sommes dues” (article 1343-5 du code civil). La situation personnelle du fils, caution solidaire, justifie cette mesure d’\u00e9quit\u00e9. L’\u00e9chelonnement sur vingt-quatre mois et la suspension des proc\u00e9dures d’ex\u00e9cution en d\u00e9coulent. Cette d\u00e9cision illustre la conciliation entre le droit au recouvrement du bailleur et la protection du d\u00e9biteur de bonne foi.<\/p>\n

Le rejet des demandes non justifi\u00e9es et la condamnation aux frais. La juridiction fait preuve de rigueur en d\u00e9boutant les demandes non \u00e9tay\u00e9es par des preuves. Les devis pour des travaux non mentionn\u00e9s \u00e0 l’\u00e9tat des lieux de sortie sont ainsi \u00e9cart\u00e9s. En revanche, la condamnation aux d\u00e9pens et \u00e0 l’article 700 du code de proc\u00e9dure civile suit le principe g\u00e9n\u00e9ral. La partie perdante supporte les frais de l’instance, sauf d\u00e9cision motiv\u00e9e contraire du juge. L’\u00e9quilibre entre les int\u00e9r\u00eats des parties est ainsi pr\u00e9serv\u00e9 dans le dispositif final.<\/p>\n

Cette d\u00e9cision rappelle l’importance probatoire de l’\u00e9tat des lieux d’entr\u00e9e et de sortie. Elle d\u00e9montre la m\u00e9thodologie du juge pour distinguer la v\u00e9tust\u00e9 normale des d\u00e9gradations anormales. Le pouvoir d’appr\u00e9ciation souverain des juges du fond est affirm\u00e9 pour le calcul forfaitaire. Par ailleurs, le jugement valorise les m\u00e9canismes de traitement individuel des situations de difficult\u00e9. L’\u00e9chelonnement des dettes constitue un outil essentiel de pr\u00e9vention des impay\u00e9s irr\u00e9couvrables. Enfin, il confirme la solidarit\u00e9 pleine et enti\u00e8re de la caution avec les locataires principaux.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le tribunal judiciaire du Havre, statuant en mati\u00e8re de contentieux de la protection, a rendu un jugement le vingt-neuf septembre deux mille vingt-cinq. Des …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":232070755,"featured_media":9551,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_kj_source_type":"judilibre","_kj_official_id":"68e42964681ed727f2a5e9a1","_kj_official_url":"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/68e42964681ed727f2a5e9a1","_kj_judilibre_id":"68e42964681ed727f2a5e9a1","_kj_jur":"Tribunal judiciaire","_kj_lieu":"Tribunal judiciaire du Havre","_kj_chambre":"Civil JCP PROCEDURE ORALE","_kj_rg":"25\/00300","_kj_date":"2025-09-29","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[7597],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-657795","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jurisprudence"],"yoast_head":"\nTribunal judiciaire de Havre, le 29 septembre 2025, n\u00b025\/00300 - Ma\u00eetre Hassan Kohen, avocat en droit p\u00e9nal \u00e0 Paris<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le tribunal judiciaire du Havre, statuant en mati\u00e8re de contentieux de la protection, a rendu un jugement le vingt-neuf septembre deux mille vingt-cinq. 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Le bail d\u2019habitation, conclu en 2022 moyennant un loyer modeste, avait d\u00e9j\u00e0 donn\u00e9 lieu \u00e0 un premier commandement r\u00e9gularis\u00e9, avant qu\u2019un second soit d\u00e9livr\u00e9\u2026","rel":"","context":"\u0641\u064a "D\u00e9cisions juridiques"","block_context":{"text":"D\u00e9cisions juridiques","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/category\/decisions-juridiques\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kohenavocats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/katie-moum-o0kbc907i20-unsplash.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kohenavocats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/katie-moum-o0kbc907i20-unsplash.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kohenavocats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/katie-moum-o0kbc907i20-unsplash.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kohenavocats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/katie-moum-o0kbc907i20-unsplash.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kohenavocats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/katie-moum-o0kbc907i20-unsplash.webp?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kohenavocats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/katie-moum-o0kbc907i20-unsplash.webp?resize=1400%2C800&ssl=1 4x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/657795","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/232070755"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=657795"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/657795\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9551"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=657795"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=657795"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=657795"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}