{"id":663715,"date":"2026-04-23T21:34:58","date_gmt":"2026-04-23T19:34:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/cour-dappel-de-dijon-le-10-juin-2025-n22-01527\/"},"modified":"2026-04-23T21:34:58","modified_gmt":"2026-04-23T19:34:58","slug":"cour-dappel-de-dijon-le-10-juin-2025-n22-01527","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/ar\/cour-dappel-de-dijon-le-10-juin-2025-n22-01527\/","title":{"rendered":"Cour d’appel de Dijon, le 10 juin 2025, n\u00b022\/01527"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

La Cour d’appel de Dijon, statuant le 10 juin 2025, examine un litige relatif au recouvrement d’un cr\u00e9dit consommateur. L’emprunteuse conteste la r\u00e9gularit\u00e9 de la proc\u00e9dure et son obligation au paiement. La juridiction confirme en partie le jugement de premi\u00e8re instance tout en r\u00e9formant le prononc\u00e9 de la r\u00e9solution judiciaire du contrat de pr\u00eat.<\/p>\n

I. La r\u00e9gularit\u00e9 proc\u00e9durale et l’absence de forclusion<\/p>\n

La cour valide les actes de proc\u00e9dure et \u00e9carte l’exception de forclusion soulev\u00e9e par l’emprunteuse. Elle rappelle d’abord les conditions de la notification de la cession de cr\u00e9ance. La soci\u00e9t\u00e9 assignante justifie de son droit \u00e0 agir par la production de la convention de cession et une attestation. Elle pr\u00e9cise que “les conclusions de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 EOS France du 26 septembre 2022 comportent les \u00e9l\u00e9ments n\u00e9cessaire \u00e0 une exacte information quant au transfert de la cr\u00e9ance” (Motifs, Sur l’intervention volontaire). La notification est donc r\u00e9guli\u00e8re, produisant ses effets \u00e0 l’\u00e9gard de tous les cod\u00e9biteurs solidaires. Ensuite, la cour rejette les demandes de nullit\u00e9 des significations. Elle souligne que “le fait de mentionner dans le corps de l’acte de signification un montant de cr\u00e9ance erron\u00e9 n’est pas un motif de nullit\u00e9 de cet acte” (Motifs, Sur la nullit\u00e9, 1). Elle applique strictement l’article 114 du code de proc\u00e9dure civile, exigeant la preuve d’un grief, que l’emprunteuse ne d\u00e9montre pas. Enfin, concernant la forclusion, la cour retient que la signification de l’injonction de payer, intervenue dans le d\u00e9lai biennal, a interrompu la prescription. Elle affirme que “la signification de l’ordonnance d’injonction de payer interrompt le d\u00e9lai pour agir, et cette interruption se prolonge jusqu’\u00e0 ce qu’il soit statu\u00e9 d\u00e9finitivement sur l’opposition” (Motifs, Sur la forclusion). L’action est donc recevable.<\/p>\n

II. Le fondement contractuel de la cr\u00e9ance et l’\u00e9chec de la d\u00e9ch\u00e9ance du terme<\/p>\n

La cour reconna\u00eet l’opposabilit\u00e9 du contrat \u00e0 l’emprunteuse mais annule la d\u00e9ch\u00e9ance du terme pour vice de forme. Elle \u00e9carte d’abord la d\u00e9n\u00e9gation de signature. Apr\u00e8s examen comparatif, elle constate “d’importantes ressemblances entre la signature que Mme [T] [U] reconna\u00eet \u00eatre la sienne et celles qui lui sont attribu\u00e9es” (Motifs, Sur la d\u00e9n\u00e9gation de signature). Le contexte, incluant l’utilisation d’un compte joint, conforte cette analyse. Le contrat lui est donc opposable. En revanche, la cour censure la d\u00e9ch\u00e9ance du terme prononc\u00e9e par le cr\u00e9ancier. Elle rappelle le formalisme exig\u00e9 : “celle-ci ne peut, sauf disposition expresse et non \u00e9quivoque, \u00eatre d\u00e9clar\u00e9e acquise au cr\u00e9ancier sans la d\u00e9livrance d’une mise en demeure rest\u00e9e sans effet” (Motifs, Sur la r\u00e9gularit\u00e9 de la d\u00e9ch\u00e9ance). Le courrier produit, non envoy\u00e9 en recommand\u00e9 et ne mentionnant pas de d\u00e9lai de r\u00e9gularisation, est insuffisant. La d\u00e9ch\u00e9ance du terme n’est donc pas acquise. La demande de r\u00e9solution judiciaire est quant \u00e0 elle d\u00e9clar\u00e9e sans objet, le contrat \u00e9tant arriv\u00e9 \u00e0 son terme. La cr\u00e9ance est r\u00e9duite aux seuls impay\u00e9s \u00e9chus.<\/p>\n

Cette d\u00e9cision rappelle avec rigueur les exigences proc\u00e9durales en mati\u00e8re de cr\u00e9dit \u00e0 la consommation. Elle consacre une interpr\u00e9tation protectrice du formalisme de la d\u00e9ch\u00e9ance du terme, exigeant une mise en demeure non \u00e9quivoque laissant un d\u00e9lai au d\u00e9biteur. Cette solution rejoint la logique d’une jurisprudence exigeante sur les conditions de mise en \u0153uvre des clauses r\u00e9solutoires. Par ailleurs, l’arr\u00eat illustre l’application stricte de la condition de grief pour obtenir la nullit\u00e9 d’un acte de proc\u00e9dure, conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 l’article 114 du code de proc\u00e9dure civile. Enfin, elle limite le recours \u00e0 la r\u00e9solution judiciaire lorsque le contrat est arriv\u00e9 \u00e0 \u00e9ch\u00e9ance, privil\u00e9giant une ex\u00e9cution en nature r\u00e9duite aux sommes effectivement dues.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La Cour d’appel de Dijon, statuant le 10 juin 2025, examine un litige relatif au recouvrement d’un cr\u00e9dit consommateur. L’emprunteuse conteste la r\u00e9gularit\u00e9 …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":232070755,"featured_media":9634,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_kj_source_type":"judilibre","_kj_official_id":"68d6252af345149cf84d2bdd","_kj_official_url":"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/68d6252af345149cf84d2bdd","_kj_judilibre_id":"68d6252af345149cf84d2bdd","_kj_jur":"Cour d'appel","_kj_lieu":"Cour d'appel de Dijon","_kj_chambre":"2 e chambre civile","_kj_rg":"22\/01527","_kj_date":"2025-09-25","_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[7597],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-663715","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jurisprudence"],"yoast_head":"\nCour d'appel de Dijon, le 10 juin 2025, n\u00b022\/01527 - Ma\u00eetre Hassan Kohen, avocat en droit p\u00e9nal \u00e0 Paris<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La Cour d'appel de Dijon, statuant le 10 juin 2025, examine un litige relatif au recouvrement d'un cr\u00e9dit consommateur. 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