{"id":665647,"date":"2026-04-24T00:09:48","date_gmt":"2026-04-23T22:09:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-dax-le-24-septembre-2025-n24-00001\/"},"modified":"2026-04-26T20:23:28","modified_gmt":"2026-04-26T18:23:28","slug":"tribunal-judiciaire-de-dax-le-24-septembre-2025-n24-00001","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/ar\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-dax-le-24-septembre-2025-n24-00001\/","title":{"rendered":"Tribunal judiciaire de Dax, le 24 septembre 2025, n\u00b024\/00001"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Le Tribunal judiciaire de Dax, le 24 septembre 2025, statue sur un litige n\u00e9 d\u2019une vente en l\u2019\u00e9tat futur d\u2019ach\u00e8vement. L\u2019acqu\u00e9reur assigne le vendeur pour retard de livraison et r\u00e9clame divers dommages-int\u00e9r\u00eats. Le tribunal, apr\u00e8s analyse des conventions, rejette l\u2019int\u00e9gralit\u00e9 des demandes indemnitaires et condamne l\u2019acqu\u00e9reur aux d\u00e9pens.<\/p>\n

La qualification du retard et l\u2019effet des avenants<\/p>\n

Le juge examine d\u2019abord l\u2019existence d\u2019un retard imputable au vendeur. Il constate que le d\u00e9lai contractuel initial \u00e9tait fix\u00e9 au 30 septembre 2023. Toutefois, la signature de deux avenants par l\u2019acqu\u00e9reur a modifi\u00e9 ce calendrier. Le premier devis modificatif, sign\u00e9 le 4 f\u00e9vrier 2023, pr\u00e9voyait une incidence sur le d\u00e9lai global de livraison. “Ce devis mentionnait une ‘Incidence d\u00e9lai global de livraison de 15 jours'” (Motifs). Le second avenant, du 15 mai 2023, entra\u00eenait un report suppl\u00e9mentaire de quinze jours. La date limite de livraison fut ainsi report\u00e9e au 30 octobre 2023. Le tribunal estime donc que le vendeur a respect\u00e9 ce nouveau d\u00e9lai. La prise de possession intervenue le 18 octobre 2023, avec des r\u00e9serves mineures, d\u00e9montre une ex\u00e9cution dans les temps. La port\u00e9e de cette analyse est significative. Elle rappelle la force obligatoire des avenants contractuels qui modifient substantiellement les engagements initiaux. Les parties ne peuvent ensuite ignorer les cons\u00e9quences de leurs propres actes. La valeur de la d\u00e9cision r\u00e9side dans l\u2019application stricte de la convention, sans recherche d\u2019un d\u00e9s\u00e9quilibre.<\/p>\n

L\u2019appr\u00e9ciation des d\u00e9sordres et le rejet de la responsabilit\u00e9<\/p>\n

Le tribunal \u00e9carte ensuite l\u2019argumentation fond\u00e9e sur l\u2019\u00e9tat d\u2019inach\u00e8vement du local. L\u2019acqu\u00e9reur produisait un constat d\u2019huissier d\u00e9taillant de nombreux d\u00e9sordres apparents au 6 d\u00e9cembre 2023. Le juge neutralise cette preuve par une analyse contextuelle. Il souligne que les devis modificatifs avaient substantiellement alt\u00e9r\u00e9 la nature des prestations dues. Les suppressions consenties par l\u2019acqu\u00e9reur rendaient inop\u00e9rante la comparaison avec l\u2019\u00e9tat initialement pr\u00e9vu. “Il ressort de l\u2019ensemble de ces \u00e9l\u00e9ments que, contrairement aux assertions de la SCI<\/a> NEREA, le local a \u00e9t\u00e9 livr\u00e9 le 18 octobre 2023, avec des r\u00e9serves mineures lev\u00e9es rapidement, sans inach\u00e8vement et sans d\u00e9sordre au regard du proc\u00e8s-verbal de constat” (Motifs). Le grief de d\u00e9loyaut\u00e9 est \u00e9galement rejet\u00e9, le retard au printemps 2023 trouvant sa cause dans des modifications demand\u00e9es. Le sens de cette analyse est clair : la preuve d\u2019un manquement doit \u00eatre rapport\u00e9e en consid\u00e9ration des obligations r\u00e9ellement souscrites. La port\u00e9e est pratique, elle invite \u00e0 une grande pr\u00e9cision dans la r\u00e9daction des avenants. La valeur confirme une jurisprudence constante sur la charge de la preuve en mati\u00e8re contractuelle. “Selon l\u2019article 1231-1 du code civil \u00ab le d\u00e9biteur est condamn\u00e9, s’il y a lieu, au paiement de dommages et int\u00e9r\u00eats soit \u00e0 raison de l’inex\u00e9cution de l’obligation, soit \u00e0 raison du retard dans l’ex\u00e9cution, s’il ne justifie pas que l’ex\u00e9cution a \u00e9t\u00e9 emp\u00each\u00e9e par la force majeure \u00bb” (Tribunal judiciaire de Nanterre, le 20 mars 2025, n\u00b022\/01831). Ici, le vendeur a justifi\u00e9 que l\u2019ex\u00e9cution fut conforme aux d\u00e9lais recalcul\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le Tribunal judiciaire de Dax, le 24 septembre 2025, statue sur un litige n\u00e9 d\u2019une vente en l\u2019\u00e9tat futur d\u2019ach\u00e8vement. 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