{"id":669560,"date":"2026-04-24T06:31:06","date_gmt":"2026-04-24T04:31:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-beziers-le-19-septembre-2025-n25-00092\/"},"modified":"2026-04-24T06:31:06","modified_gmt":"2026-04-24T04:31:06","slug":"tribunal-judiciaire-de-beziers-le-19-septembre-2025-n25-00092","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/ar\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-beziers-le-19-septembre-2025-n25-00092\/","title":{"rendered":"Tribunal judiciaire de B\u00e9ziers, le 19 septembre 2025, n\u00b025\/00092"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Le tribunal judiciaire de B\u00e9ziers, statuant en juge des contentieux de la protection le 19 septembre 2025, a examin\u00e9 une opposition \u00e0 une injonction de payer. Un bailleur r\u00e9clamait des sommes pour d\u00e9gradations locatives \u00e0 ses anciens locataires. Le juge a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 l’opposition recevable et a statu\u00e9 sur le fond du litige. Il a condamn\u00e9 les locataires \u00e0 payer une partie des sommes demand\u00e9es tout en rejetant certaines demandes accessoires du bailleur.<\/p>\n

I. La r\u00e9gularit\u00e9 proc\u00e9durale de l’opposition<\/p>\n

A. Le respect des d\u00e9lais l\u00e9gaux
\nLe juge a d’abord v\u00e9rifi\u00e9 la recevabilit\u00e9 de l’opposition form\u00e9e par la partie d\u00e9fenderesse. L’article 1416 du code de proc\u00e9dure civile fixe le d\u00e9lai d’un mois suivant la signification. La signification de l’ordonnance est intervenue le 17 juillet 2024 \u00e0 l’encontre des locataires. Un acte d’ex\u00e9cution forc\u00e9e, une saisie attribution, a ensuite \u00e9t\u00e9 signifi\u00e9 \u00e0 l’une des parties le 20 septembre 2024. L’opposition a \u00e9t\u00e9 form\u00e9e le 21 octobre 2024, soit dans le mois suivant ce premier acte d’ex\u00e9cution. Le juge en a donc d\u00e9duit la r\u00e9gularit\u00e9 de la d\u00e9marche proc\u00e9durale. Cette analyse assure la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 juridique en encadrant strictement les voies de recours. Elle pr\u00e9serve les droits de la d\u00e9fense lorsque l’ex\u00e9cution force est engag\u00e9e.<\/p>\n

B. Les effets de l’opposition recevable
\nLa d\u00e9cision pr\u00e9cise les cons\u00e9quences d’une opposition jug\u00e9e recevable. Le jugement rendu se substitue int\u00e9gralement \u00e0 l’ordonnance d’injonction de payer ant\u00e9rieure. “Suivant l\u2019article 1420 du code de proc\u00e9dure civile, le pr\u00e9sent jugement se substituera \u00e0 l\u2019ordonnance d\u2019injonction de payer” (Motifs). L’ordonnance initiale est ainsi mise \u00e0 n\u00e9ant par l’effet du jugement contradictoire. Cette substitution marque le passage d’une proc\u00e9dure unilat\u00e9rale \u00e0 un d\u00e9bat judiciaire contradictoire. Elle consacre le principe du d\u00e9bat \u00e9quitable devant le juge des contentieux de la protection.<\/p>\n

II. Le principe et l’\u00e9tendue de la r\u00e9paration du pr\u00e9judice<\/p>\n

A. Le fondement l\u00e9gal de l’obligation de r\u00e9parer
\nSur le fond, le juge rappelle le principe de la responsabilit\u00e9 du locataire pour les d\u00e9gradations. Il se fonde sur l’article 7 c de la loi du 6 juillet 1989. Le locataire doit r\u00e9pondre des d\u00e9gradations survenues dans les locaux dont il a la jouissance exclusive. La charge de la preuve incombe au locataire pour d\u00e9montrer un cas de force majeure ou la faute d’un tiers. Les d\u00e9fendeurs ne contestent pas la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 mat\u00e9rielle des d\u00e9sordres constat\u00e9s dans le logement. Le juge retient donc le principe de leur responsabilit\u00e9 pour ces d\u00e9gradations. Ce rappel strict de la loi prot\u00e8ge le patrimoine du bailleur contre la d\u00e9gradation anormale du bien.<\/p>\n

B. L’\u00e9valuation concr\u00e8te du pr\u00e9judice r\u00e9parable
\nLe juge op\u00e8re une distinction entre le principe de r\u00e9paration et son \u00e9valuation mon\u00e9taire. Le bailleur produit des factures pour un montant total de 10 865,35 euros. Les locataires contestent uniquement le co\u00fbt des travaux de peinture qu’ils jugent excessif. Le juge constate que le cr\u00e9ancier “a r\u00e9ellement engag\u00e9 ses d\u00e9penses” (Motifs). Il condamne donc les locataires au paiement des sommes effectivement d\u00e9pens\u00e9es. Cette solution diff\u00e8re d’une approche qui aurait exig\u00e9 une v\u00e9rification de la stricte n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 des travaux. “Il est constant que le bailleur est en droit de solliciter la r\u00e9paration int\u00e9grale du pr\u00e9judice que lui cause l\u2019inex\u00e9cution par le preneur des r\u00e9parations locatives pr\u00e9vues au bail, que son indemnisation n’est pas subordonn\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019ex\u00e9cution des travaux et qu\u2019il appartient au juge d’\u00e9valuer le montant d’un dommage dont il constate l’existence dans son principe” (Tribunal judiciaire de Bourg-en-Bresse, le 5 juin 2025, n\u00b024\/00003). La port\u00e9e de la d\u00e9cision est cependant limit\u00e9e par le rejet des demandes compl\u00e9mentaires. Le juge d\u00e9boute le bailleur de sa demande de dommages-int\u00e9r\u00eats distincts pour pr\u00e9judice moral et financier. Seul le co\u00fbt des travaux est indemnis\u00e9, apr\u00e8s d\u00e9duction du d\u00e9p\u00f4t de garantie.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le tribunal judiciaire de B\u00e9ziers, statuant en juge des contentieux de la protection le 19 septembre 2025, a examin\u00e9 une opposition \u00e0 une injonction de payer…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":232070755,"featured_media":9652,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_kj_source_type":"judilibre","_kj_official_id":"68f92d46de0ebe408daa0ecd","_kj_official_url":"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/68f92d46de0ebe408daa0ecd","_kj_judilibre_id":"68f92d46de0ebe408daa0ecd","_kj_jur":"Tribunal judiciaire","_kj_lieu":"Tribunal judiciaire de B\u00e9ziers","_kj_chambre":"JCP - Ctx Gal inf 10 000\u20ac","_kj_rg":"25\/00092","_kj_date":"2025-09-19","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[7096,35583,7597],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-669560","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-code-des-assurances","category-immobilier","category-jurisprudence"],"yoast_head":"\nTribunal judiciaire de B\u00e9ziers, le 19 septembre 2025, n\u00b025\/00092 - 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Le bai...","rel":"","context":"\u0641\u064a "Code des assurances"","block_context":{"text":"Code des assurances","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/category\/code-des-assurances\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kohenavocats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/the-free-birds-9nGaQJjAAng-unsplash.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kohenavocats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/the-free-birds-9nGaQJjAAng-unsplash.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kohenavocats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/the-free-birds-9nGaQJjAAng-unsplash.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kohenavocats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/the-free-birds-9nGaQJjAAng-unsplash.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kohenavocats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/the-free-birds-9nGaQJjAAng-unsplash.webp?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kohenavocats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/the-free-birds-9nGaQJjAAng-unsplash.webp?resize=1400%2C800&ssl=1 4x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/669560","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/232070755"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=669560"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/669560\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9652"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=669560"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=669560"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=669560"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}