{"id":657448,"date":"2026-04-23T09:18:37","date_gmt":"2026-04-23T07:18:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/cour-dappel-le-30-septembre-2025-n23-00558\/"},"modified":"2026-04-23T09:18:37","modified_gmt":"2026-04-23T07:18:37","slug":"cour-dappel-le-30-septembre-2025-n23-00558","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/en\/cour-dappel-le-30-septembre-2025-n23-00558\/","title":{"rendered":"Cour d’appel, le 30 septembre 2025, n\u00b023\/00558"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

La cour d’appel, statuant sur un pourvoi, a examin\u00e9 le licenciement pour faute grave d’une salari\u00e9e suite \u00e0 une conduite en \u00e9tat d’alcool\u00e9mie au volant d’un v\u00e9hicule de service. La juridiction a confirm\u00e9 la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 de la faute et la rupture du contrat, tout en infirmant partiellement le jugement sur le paiement de commissions dues. Elle a \u00e9galement rejet\u00e9 les all\u00e9gations de discrimination et de harc\u00e8lement moral soulev\u00e9es par l’int\u00e9ress\u00e9e.<\/p>\n

La caract\u00e9risation de la faute grave en contexte de suspension du contrat<\/p>\n

L’appr\u00e9ciation autonome du grief fondateur. La cour \u00e9carte deux des trois griefs initiaux en raison de l’arr\u00eat maladie de la salari\u00e9e. Elle estime que la suspension du contrat exon\u00e9rait l’int\u00e9ress\u00e9e de certaines obligations, comme pr\u00e9senter son permis ou informer son employeur du contr\u00f4le. Le juge op\u00e8re ainsi un tri s\u00e9v\u00e8re parmi les motifs invoqu\u00e9s par l’employeur. La port\u00e9e de cette analyse est de rappeler le principe de la suspension des obligations ex\u00e9cutoires durant un arr\u00eat de travail. Seul le grief de conduite sous l’emprise de l’alcool est retenu, \u00e9tablissant une distinction nette entre les obligations persistantes et celles suspendues.<\/p>\n

La gravit\u00e9 intrins\u00e8que du manquement retenu. La mat\u00e9rialit\u00e9 de la faute est \u00e9tablie par une condamnation p\u00e9nale d\u00e9finitive. “La salari\u00e9e ne le conteste pas ni m\u00eame le fait qu’elle se soit trouv\u00e9e au volant d’un v\u00e9hicule de service” (Motifs). La cour souligne le taux d’alcool\u00e9mie d\u00e9lictuel et le lien direct avec l’activit\u00e9 professionnelle. Ce grief unique est jug\u00e9 suffisant pour rendre impossible le maintien dans l’entreprise. La valeur de cette solution r\u00e9side dans l’affirmation qu’une faute unique, si elle est suffisamment grave, peut justifier \u00e0 elle seule un licenciement pour faute grave, conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 la jurisprudence \u00e9tablie.<\/p>\n

Le rejet des exceptions soulev\u00e9es et la sanction des manquements probatoires<\/p>\n

L’absence de caract\u00e8re discriminatoire ou harcelant. La salari\u00e9e invoquait une discrimination li\u00e9e \u00e0 son \u00e9tat de sant\u00e9 et un harc\u00e8lement moral. La cour applique le r\u00e9gime de preuve sp\u00e9cifique. Elle constate que les \u00e9l\u00e9ments produits “ne laissent pas supposer l’existence d’une discrimination” (Motifs). Concernant le harc\u00e8lement, elle estime que les sollicitations de l’employeur \u00e9taient justifi\u00e9es par une situation pr\u00e9occupante. La port\u00e9e est de rappeler la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 pour le salari\u00e9 de pr\u00e9senter des \u00e9l\u00e9ments de fait pr\u00e9cis et concordants pour inverser la charge de la preuve dans ces mati\u00e8res.<\/p>\n

La condamnation de l’employeur sur la preuve des commissions dues. Sur ce point, la cour infirme le jugement et sanctionne le d\u00e9faut de preuve de l’employeur. Elle rappelle que “la charge de la preuve revient exclusivement \u00e0 l’employeur qui, lorsqu’il se dit lib\u00e9r\u00e9 de l’obligation de paiement d’une r\u00e9mun\u00e9ration variable, doit en rapporter la preuve” (Motifs). L’employeur s’\u00e9tant content\u00e9 d’affirmations sans fournir d’\u00e9l\u00e9ments de calcul, il est condamn\u00e9 au paiement. Cette solution a une forte valeur p\u00e9dagogique en mati\u00e8re de gestion de la preuve des r\u00e9mun\u00e9rations variables.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La cour d’appel, statuant sur un pourvoi, a examin\u00e9 le licenciement pour faute grave d’une salari\u00e9e suite \u00e0 une conduite en \u00e9tat d’alcool\u00e9mie au volant d’un …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":232070755,"featured_media":9513,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_kj_source_type":"judilibre","_kj_official_id":"68dce599137fb746f70f66c3","_kj_official_url":"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/68dce599137fb746f70f66c3","_kj_judilibre_id":"68dce599137fb746f70f66c3","_kj_jur":"Cour d'appel","_kj_lieu":"Cour d'appel de Metz","_kj_chambre":"Chambre Sociale-Section 1","_kj_rg":"23\/00558","_kj_date":"2025-09-30","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[7597],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-657448","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jurisprudence"],"yoast_head":"\nCour d'appel, le 30 septembre 2025, n\u00b023\/00558 - 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