{"id":660390,"date":"2026-04-23T15:12:51","date_gmt":"2026-04-23T13:12:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/cour-dappel-le-26-septembre-2025-n22-05262\/"},"modified":"2026-04-23T15:12:51","modified_gmt":"2026-04-23T13:12:51","slug":"cour-dappel-le-26-septembre-2025-n22-05262","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/en\/cour-dappel-le-26-septembre-2025-n22-05262\/","title":{"rendered":"Cour d’appel, le 26 septembre 2025, n\u00b022\/05262"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

La Cour d’appel, statuant sur une d\u00e9cision prud’homale, examine les demandes d’une aide-soignante licenci\u00e9e pour faute grave. Elle rejette sa requ\u00eate en harc\u00e8lement moral mais retient un manquement de l’employeur \u00e0 son obligation de s\u00e9curit\u00e9. Concernant la rupture, la cour juge le licenciement d\u00e9pourvu de cause r\u00e9elle et s\u00e9rieuse et en fixe les cons\u00e9quences p\u00e9cuniaires.<\/p>\n

La distinction entre harc\u00e8lement moral et obligation de s\u00e9curit\u00e9<\/p>\n

L’exigence d’agissements personnalis\u00e9s pour le harc\u00e8lement moral<\/p>\n

La cour rappelle que la caract\u00e9risation du harc\u00e8lement moral n\u00e9cessite des agissements r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9s. Elle souligne que le salari\u00e9 doit pr\u00e9senter des \u00e9l\u00e9ments de fait laissant supposer son existence. “Il appartient au juge d’examiner l’ensemble des \u00e9l\u00e9ments invoqu\u00e9s par le salari\u00e9” (Motifs, 1.1). La d\u00e9cision \u00e9carte la qualification de harc\u00e8lement car les griefs, bien que d\u00e9crivant une d\u00e9gradation collective des conditions de travail, manquent de personnalisation. La salari\u00e9e “n’all\u00e8gue pas avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 personnellement” affect\u00e9e par plusieurs mesures d\u00e9nonc\u00e9es (Motifs, 1.1). Cette analyse restreint la port\u00e9e de la protection contre le harc\u00e8lement moral. Elle exige une d\u00e9monstration de cons\u00e9quences individuelles directes, m\u00eame face \u00e0 une politique manag\u00e9riale g\u00e9n\u00e9rale d\u00e9l\u00e9t\u00e8re.<\/p>\n

La persistance de l’obligation de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de r\u00e9sultat<\/p>\n

En revanche, l’obligation de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de l’employeur conna\u00eet une application plus extensive. La cour rappelle que l’employeur doit “prendre les mesures n\u00e9cessaires pour assurer la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et prot\u00e9ger la sant\u00e9 physique et mentale des travailleurs” (Motifs, 1.2). Elle constate que l’employeur, tout en contestant les faits, “ne justifie pas avoir pris des mesures suffisantes” (Motifs, 1.2). Ainsi, un manquement \u00e0 cette obligation peut \u00eatre retenu m\u00eame en l’absence de harc\u00e8lement caract\u00e9ris\u00e9. Cette solution confirme le caract\u00e8re objectif de cette obligation. Elle prot\u00e8ge le salari\u00e9 contre les risques psychosociaux g\u00e9n\u00e9raux, ind\u00e9pendamment de l’intention ou de la r\u00e9p\u00e9tition d’agissements cibl\u00e9s.<\/p>\n

Le contr\u00f4le rigoureux de la cause r\u00e9elle et s\u00e9rieuse<\/p>\n

L’appr\u00e9ciation stricte des griefs invoqu\u00e9s<\/p>\n

La cour proc\u00e8de \u00e0 un examen minutieux de chaque grief \u00e9nonc\u00e9 dans la lettre de licenciement. Elle exige de l’employeur une d\u00e9monstration concr\u00e8te et v\u00e9rifiable des manquements reproch\u00e9s. Concernant une erreur li\u00e9e \u00e0 une allergie alimentaire, elle note que l’employeur “n’\u00e9tablit pas” qu’un plat contenant l’allerg\u00e8ne a \u00e9t\u00e9 servi (Motifs, 2.2). S’agissant du non-respect d’un protocole suicidaire, elle rel\u00e8ve que l’information n’\u00e9tait donn\u00e9e “qu’oralement” (Motifs, 2.2). Ce contr\u00f4le strict prot\u00e8ge le salari\u00e9 contre des licenciements fond\u00e9s sur des pr\u00e9somptions ou des proc\u00e9dures internes d\u00e9faillantes. Il impose \u00e0 l’employeur une rigueur probatoire particuli\u00e8re lorsque les griefs mettent en cause la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 des tiers.<\/p>\n

La d\u00e9termination des indemnit\u00e9s cons\u00e9cutives \u00e0 la rupture<\/p>\n

La cour proc\u00e8de \u00e0 un r\u00e9ajustement pr\u00e9cis des indemnit\u00e9s dues. Elle recalcule l’anciennet\u00e9 en renversant la pr\u00e9somption issue du bulletin de paie. L’employeur a ainsi “renvers\u00e9 la pr\u00e9somption dont la salari\u00e9e se pr\u00e9vaut” (Motifs, 2.3). Pour l’indemnit\u00e9 pour licenciement sans cause, elle applique le bar\u00e8me l\u00e9gal. Elle estime le pr\u00e9judice “justement indemnis\u00e9 par le versement de la somme de 15 000 euros” (Motifs, 2.3), en tenant compte de l’anciennet\u00e9 et de l’\u00e2ge. Cette d\u00e9marche illustre le pouvoir souverain d’appr\u00e9ciation des juges du fond dans l’\u00e9valuation du pr\u00e9judice. Elle assure une r\u00e9paration concr\u00e8te et proportionn\u00e9e \u00e0 la gravit\u00e9 de l’absence de cause.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La Cour d’appel, statuant sur une d\u00e9cision prud’homale, examine les demandes d’une aide-soignante licenci\u00e9e pour faute grave. Elle rejette sa requ\u00eate en harc…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":232070755,"featured_media":9598,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_kj_source_type":"judilibre","_kj_official_id":"68d770bc0b088dc59855553d","_kj_official_url":"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/68d770bc0b088dc59855553d","_kj_judilibre_id":"68d770bc0b088dc59855553d","_kj_jur":"Cour d'appel","_kj_lieu":"Cour d'appel de Lyon","_kj_chambre":"CHAMBRE SOCIALE B","_kj_rg":"22\/05262","_kj_date":"2025-09-26","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[7597],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-660390","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jurisprudence"],"yoast_head":"\nCour d'appel, le 26 septembre 2025, n\u00b022\/05262 - Ma\u00eetre Hassan Kohen, avocat en droit p\u00e9nal \u00e0 Paris<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La Cour d'appel, statuant sur une d\u00e9cision prud'homale, examine les demandes d'une aide-soignante licenci\u00e9e pour faute grave. 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