{"id":667049,"date":"2026-04-24T02:38:25","date_gmt":"2026-04-24T00:38:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-bobigny-le-23-septembre-2025-n25-01004\/"},"modified":"2026-04-24T02:38:25","modified_gmt":"2026-04-24T00:38:25","slug":"tribunal-judiciaire-de-bobigny-le-23-septembre-2025-n25-01004","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/en\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-bobigny-le-23-septembre-2025-n25-01004\/","title":{"rendered":"Tribunal judiciaire de Bobigny, le 23 septembre 2025, n\u00b025\/01004"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Le Tribunal judiciaire de Bobigny, statuant le 23 septembre 2025, a eu \u00e0 conna\u00eetre d’un litige relatif \u00e0 la vente d’un v\u00e9hicule d’occasion. L’acqu\u00e9reur sollicitait la r\u00e9solution de la vente pour vice cach\u00e9, le v\u00e9hicule s’\u00e9tant r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 gravement accident\u00e9 et mal r\u00e9par\u00e9 avant la transaction. Apr\u00e8s une proc\u00e9dure de d\u00e9faut et une expertise judiciaire confirmant l’existence du vice, le tribunal a prononc\u00e9 la r\u00e9solution du contrat. Il a condamn\u00e9 le vendeur professionnel \u00e0 restituer le prix et \u00e0 indemniser divers pr\u00e9judices, tout en ordonnant la restitution du v\u00e9hicule sous astreinte.<\/p>\n

La caract\u00e9risation rigoureuse du vice cach\u00e9 et de la connaissance du vendeur<\/p>\n

La d\u00e9monstration de l’impropri\u00e9t\u00e9 substantielle de la chose vendue. Le juge retient l’existence d’un vice cach\u00e9 au sens de l’article 1641 du code civil en s’appuyant sur les constatations de l’expert judiciaire. Ce dernier a \u00e9tabli que le v\u00e9hicule, accident\u00e9 avant la vente, pr\u00e9sentait des malfa\u00e7ons le rendant \u00e9conomiquement irr\u00e9parable. “L’expert judiciaire estime que le vice cach\u00e9 pr\u00e9existait \u00e0 la vente, [l’acqu\u00e9reur] ne pouvait pas en avoir connaissance et les vices relev\u00e9s rendent le v\u00e9hicule impropre \u00e0 son usage normal.” (Motifs, 1). La d\u00e9cision souligne ainsi que le vice affecte l’usage normal auquel un acheteur peut l\u00e9gitimement s’attendre, justifiant la r\u00e9solution.<\/p>\n

La pr\u00e9somption de connaissance du vice pesant sur le vendeur professionnel. Le tribunal applique le r\u00e9gime de responsabilit\u00e9 aggrav\u00e9e pr\u00e9vu par les articles 1645 et 1646 du code civil. Il rappelle que “le vendeur professionnel est pr\u00e9sum\u00e9 avoir connaissance du vice all\u00e9gu\u00e9” (Motifs, 2). Cette pr\u00e9somption, combin\u00e9e aux conclusions de l’expert selon lesquelles “l’\u00e9tat du v\u00e9hicule aurait d\u00fb \u00eatre relev\u00e9 par la venderesse”, \u00e9carte toute ignorance excusable. Cette solution est conforme \u00e0 une jurisprudence constante, comme l’a rappel\u00e9 le Tribunal judiciaire de Versailles, le 11 f\u00e9vrier 2025, en jugeant que “le vendeur professionnel est tenu de conna\u00eetre les vices affectant la chose vendue” (Tribunal judiciaire de Versailles, le 11 f\u00e9vrier 2025, n\u00b024\/00124).<\/p>\n

Les cons\u00e9quences indemnitaires de la r\u00e9solution et l’encadrement des restitutions<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9tendue de la r\u00e9paration int\u00e9grale des pr\u00e9judices subis. En sa qualit\u00e9 de professionnel pr\u00e9sum\u00e9 connaisseur du vice, le vendeur est tenu \u00e0 la restitution du prix et \u00e0 la r\u00e9paration de l’int\u00e9gralit\u00e9 du dommage. Le tribunal indemnise ainsi les frais accessoires \u00e0 l’acquisition et \u00e0 l’entretien, ainsi qu’un pr\u00e9judice d’immobilisation calcul\u00e9 sur vingt-et-un mois. En revanche, il \u00e9carte l’indemnisation des cotisations d’assurance et du pr\u00e9judice moral, faute de preuve. Cette analyse distingue les pr\u00e9judices directement li\u00e9s au vice de ceux qui ne pr\u00e9sentent pas un lien de causalit\u00e9 suffisant avec la faute du vendeur.<\/p>\n

Les modalit\u00e9s pratiques de la restitution et la sanction de l’inaction. La d\u00e9cision organise pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment les restitutions crois\u00e9es, ordonnant au vendeur de r\u00e9cup\u00e9rer le v\u00e9hicule \u00e0 ses frais. Elle innove en pr\u00e9voyant une astreinte journali\u00e8re en cas de retard, puis la qualification d’abandon du v\u00e9hicule apr\u00e8s six mois. Ce dispositif vise \u00e0 prot\u00e9ger l’acqu\u00e9reur d’une carence du vendeur d\u00e9faillant et \u00e0 \u00e9viter qu’il ne supporte ind\u00fbment la garde d’un bien inutilisable. Cette mesure pratique compl\u00e8te utilement le principe de la r\u00e9solution, d\u00e9j\u00e0 appliqu\u00e9e dans des cas similaires o\u00f9 le vendeur est condamn\u00e9 \u00e0 “reverser […] la somme […] correspondant au prix de vente et \u00e0 venir r\u00e9cup\u00e9rer \u00e0 ses frais le v\u00e9hicule” (Tribunal judiciaire, le 30 septembre 2025, n\u00b024\/05971).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le Tribunal judiciaire de Bobigny, statuant le 23 septembre 2025, a eu \u00e0 conna\u00eetre d’un litige relatif \u00e0 la vente d’un v\u00e9hicule d’occasion. L’acqu\u00e9reur solli…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":232070755,"featured_media":9488,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[7597],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-667049","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jurisprudence"],"yoast_head":"\nTribunal judiciaire de Bobigny, le 23 septembre 2025, n\u00b025\/01004 - Ma\u00eetre Hassan Kohen, avocat en droit p\u00e9nal \u00e0 Paris<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le Tribunal judiciaire de Bobigny, statuant le 23 septembre 2025, a eu \u00e0 conna\u00eetre d'un litige relatif \u00e0 la vente d'un v\u00e9hicule d'occasion. 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