{"id":669059,"date":"2026-04-24T05:49:11","date_gmt":"2026-04-24T03:49:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-toulon-le-13-fevrier-2025-n24-02422\/"},"modified":"2026-04-24T05:49:11","modified_gmt":"2026-04-24T03:49:11","slug":"tribunal-judiciaire-de-toulon-le-13-fevrier-2025-n24-02422","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/en\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-toulon-le-13-fevrier-2025-n24-02422\/","title":{"rendered":"Tribunal judiciaire de Toulon, le 13 f\u00e9vrier 2025, n\u00b024\/02422"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Le tribunal judiciaire de Toulon, statuant en r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9, a rendu une ordonnance le 13 f\u00e9vrier 2025. Un propri\u00e9taire a engag\u00e9 une expertise concernant des d\u00e9sordres dans son immeuble. Il a demand\u00e9 l’intervention des assureurs des entreprises concern\u00e9es et l’extension de l’expertise. Le juge a accueilli les interventions volontaires des assureurs et ordonn\u00e9 la communication de polices d’assurance. Il a \u00e9galement d\u00e9clar\u00e9 l’expertise commune et opposable \u00e0 plusieurs parties, tout en rejetant une demande de mise hors de cause.<\/p>\n

La recevabilit\u00e9 des interventions volontaires des assureurs<\/p>\n

Le juge admet les interventions fond\u00e9es sur un transfert de portefeuille. Les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s d’assurance ont justifi\u00e9 \u00eatre devenues l’assureur de l’entreprise mise en cause suite \u00e0 des cessions au sein de leur groupe. Le tribunal estime donc recevable leur intervention principale au sens de l’article 329 du code de proc\u00e9dure civile. Cette solution assure la substitution du v\u00e9ritable garant dans la proc\u00e9dure. Elle permet \u00e0 l’assureur de faire valoir les termes de son contrat. “D\u00e8s lors, il convient d’accueillir l\u2019intervention volontaire des compagnies d\u2019assurance MMA IARD et MMA IARD ASSURANCES MUTUELLES et de mettre hors de cause, la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 LC ASSURANCES, \u00e8s qualit\u00e9 de courtier d\u2019assurance” (Motifs). Cette approche rejoint celle d’une d\u00e9cision ant\u00e9rieure. “La soci\u00e9t\u00e9 QBE EUROPE SA\/NV, qui de ce fait vient aux droits de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 QBE INSURANCE EUROPE LIMITED, doit en sa qualit\u00e9 d\u2019assureur (…) \u00eatre en mesure de faire valoir les termes, conditions et limites de la garantie” (Tribunal judiciaire de Vienne, le 26 juin 2025, n\u00b021\/00050). La port\u00e9e est de s\u00e9curiser la repr\u00e9sentation de l’int\u00e9r\u00eat assurantiel.<\/p>\n

Le juge rejette cependant la mise hors de cause imm\u00e9diate des assureurs. La demande de mise hors de cause formul\u00e9e par les assureurs intervenants est jug\u00e9e pr\u00e9matur\u00e9e. Le juge des r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9s estime ne pas avoir le pouvoir d’analyser les garanties contractuelles. “La mise hors de cause des compagnies d\u2019assurance MMA IARD et MMA IARD ASSURANCES MUTUELLES, est pr\u00e9matur\u00e9e et exc\u00e8de l\u2019appr\u00e9ciation qui peut \u00eatre faite par le juge des r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9s” (Motifs). Sa mission se limite \u00e0 constater leur int\u00e9r\u00eat \u00e0 participer \u00e0 l’expertise. La valeur de cette d\u00e9cision est de pr\u00e9server le contradictoire pour l’ensemble de la future instruction. Elle \u00e9vite une d\u00e9cision anticip\u00e9e sur le fond du droit \u00e0 garantie. Cela maintient toutes les parties dans le d\u00e9bat technique pr\u00e9alable.<\/p>\n

Les mesures d’instruction ordonn\u00e9es en r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9<\/p>\n

Le juge \u00e9tend l’expertise en cours \u00e0 de nouvelles parties. Il constate l’int\u00e9r\u00eat l\u00e9gitime du demandeur \u00e0 une expertise contradictoire compl\u00e8te. Les nouvelles parties sont intervenues dans les travaux litigieux faisant l’objet de l’expertise. Le juge applique les articles 145 et 331 du code de proc\u00e9dure civile sur la mise en cause. “Il est patent que Monsieur [F] [P] justifie d\u2019un int\u00e9r\u00eat l\u00e9gitime \u00e0 voir participer la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 AMGM, la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 TLP SERVICES, Monsieur [K] [C] la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 MIC INSURANCE COMPANY et les compagnies d\u2019assurance MMA IARD et MMA IARD ASSURANCES MUTUELLES, aux op\u00e9rations d\u2019expertise” (Motifs). La solution vise \u00e0 \u00e9clairer le juge du fond sur les responsabilit\u00e9s potentielles. Elle rejoint la logique d’une autre jurisprudence en mati\u00e8re d’opposabilit\u00e9. “Il convient en cons\u00e9quence de faire droit \u00e0 la demande. En tant que de besoin, l\u2019ordonnance (…) sera \u00e9galement d\u00e9clar\u00e9e commune et opposable aux requis” (Tribunal judiciaire de Grasse, le 3 juin 2025, n\u00b025\/00265). La port\u00e9e est d’assurer l’efficacit\u00e9 et l’autorit\u00e9 de la mesure d’instruction.<\/p>\n

Le juge ordonne \u00e9galement la communication forc\u00e9e de documents sous astreinte. Il reconna\u00eet un motif l\u00e9gitime \u00e0 la production des conditions d’assurance. Ces documents sont n\u00e9cessaires dans la perspective d’un \u00e9ventuel recours futur. Le juge use du pouvoir conf\u00e9r\u00e9 par l’article 11 du code de proc\u00e9dure civile. “Il convient de condamner la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 AMGM, \u00e0 remettre \u00e0 Monsieur [F] [P] sous astreinte de 100 euros par jour de retard (…) les conditions g\u00e9n\u00e9rales et particuli\u00e8res d\u00e9coulant de l\u2019assurance” (Motifs). Cette mesure pr\u00e9paratoire vise \u00e0 s\u00e9curiser la position du demandeur. Elle anticipe une difficult\u00e9 probatoire potentielle devant le juge du fond. La valeur est de permettre une ex\u00e9cution effective de la future d\u00e9cision au fond. Elle renforce ainsi l’utilit\u00e9 de la proc\u00e9dure r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le tribunal judiciaire de Toulon, statuant en r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9, a rendu une ordonnance le 13 f\u00e9vrier 2025. Un propri\u00e9taire a engag\u00e9 une expertise concernant des d\u00e9sord…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":232070755,"featured_media":9562,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_kj_source_type":"judilibre","_kj_official_id":"68cdbd0f54b52e4d6be1cede","_kj_official_url":"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/68cdbd0f54b52e4d6be1cede","_kj_judilibre_id":"68cdbd0f54b52e4d6be1cede","_kj_jur":"Tribunal judiciaire","_kj_lieu":"Tribunal judiciaire de Toulon","_kj_chambre":"REFERES","_kj_rg":"24\/02422","_kj_date":"2025-09-19","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[7597],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-669059","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jurisprudence"],"yoast_head":"\nTribunal judiciaire de Toulon, le 13 f\u00e9vrier 2025, n\u00b024\/02422 - Ma\u00eetre Hassan Kohen, avocat en droit p\u00e9nal \u00e0 Paris<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le tribunal judiciaire de Toulon, statuant en r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9, a rendu une ordonnance le 13 f\u00e9vrier 2025. 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