{"id":682264,"date":"2026-04-25T17:22:18","date_gmt":"2026-04-25T15:22:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-caen-le-25-juillet-2025-n25-00166\/"},"modified":"2026-04-25T17:22:18","modified_gmt":"2026-04-25T15:22:18","slug":"tribunal-judiciaire-de-caen-le-25-juillet-2025-n25-00166","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/en\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-caen-le-25-juillet-2025-n25-00166\/","title":{"rendered":"Tribunal judiciaire de Caen, le 25 juillet 2025, n\u00b025\/00166"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Le tribunal judiciaire de Caen, statuant en r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9 le 25 juillet 2025, est saisi d’un litige cons\u00e9cutif \u00e0 une vente immobili\u00e8re. Les demandeurs sollicitent une expertise et une communication de pi\u00e8ces sur le fondement de l’article 145 du code de proc\u00e9dure civile. Ils demandent \u00e9galement l’organisation d’une m\u00e9diation. Le juge accueille la demande d’expertise et ordonne une injonction de rencontrer un m\u00e9diateur. Il rejette la demande de communication de pi\u00e8ces et condamne les demandeurs aux d\u00e9pens.<\/p>\n

La clarification des pouvoirs du juge en mati\u00e8re de mesures d’instruction pr\u00e9ventives<\/p>\n

Le juge des r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9s pr\u00e9cise les conditions d’ouverture d’une expertise sur le fondement de l’article 145. Il rappelle que l’existence d’un motif l\u00e9gitime s’appr\u00e9cie sans pr\u00e9juger du fond du litige. La juridiction souligne que “pour appr\u00e9cier l\u2019existence d\u2019un motif l\u00e9gitime, pour une partie, de conserver ou \u00e9tablir la preuve de faits dont pourrait d\u00e9pendre la solution d\u2019un litige, il n\u2019appartient pas \u00e0 la juridiction des r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9s de trancher le d\u00e9bat de fond” (Cass. 2e civ., 19 janv. 2023, n\u00b0 21-21 265). Cette solution confirme la nature purement probatoire et conservatoire de la mesure. La d\u00e9cision restreint ainsi le contr\u00f4le du juge des r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9s \u00e0 l’appr\u00e9ciation de la vraisemblance du pr\u00e9judice et de l’utilit\u00e9 de l’expertise. Elle \u00e9vite toute anticipation sur le jugement au fond et respecte le principe du contradictoire. La port\u00e9e de l’arr\u00eat est de r\u00e9affirmer la fonction sp\u00e9cifique de l’article 145 du code de proc\u00e9dure civile. Cette disposition constitue un instrument proc\u00e9dural essentiel pour s\u00e9curiser la preuve avant toute action judiciaire.<\/p>\n

Le juge d\u00e9finit \u00e9galement son pouvoir d’ordonner la production de pi\u00e8ces avant tout litige. Il rappelle que cette mesure d’instruction est l\u00e9galement admissible sur le fondement de l’article 145. La d\u00e9cision applique ce principe en constatant que le document sollicit\u00e9 a d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e9t\u00e9 communiqu\u00e9 entre les parties. Le juge en d\u00e9duit l’absence de motif l\u00e9gitime pour ordonner sa production sous astreinte. Cette analyse souligne le caract\u00e8re subsidiaire de la mesure de communication forc\u00e9e. Elle prot\u00e8ge les tiers et les parties contre des demandes inutiles ou abusives. La valeur de cette solution est de garantir une application stricte des conditions de l’article 145. Elle pr\u00e9vient les man\u0153uvres dilatoires et assure une \u00e9conomie de moyens proc\u00e9duraux. Le sens de la d\u00e9cision est de cantonner l’intervention du juge des r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9s \u00e0 la seule conservation probatoire.<\/p>\n

L’encadrement strict de l’injonction de s’informer sur la m\u00e9diation<\/p>\n

La juridiction d\u00e9taille les modalit\u00e9s de l’injonction de rencontrer un m\u00e9diateur pr\u00e9vue \u00e0 l’article 1533. Elle ordonne aux parties de se rendre \u00e0 une s\u00e9ance d’information distincte et obligatoire. Le juge pr\u00e9cise que cette r\u00e9union peut se tenir par visioconf\u00e9rence sur contact pr\u00e9alable avec le centre. Il rappelle que la pr\u00e9sence est gratuite et que le m\u00e9diateur informera la juridiction de son d\u00e9roulement. Cette mise en \u0153uvre rigoureuse respecte la lettre de l’article 1533 du code de proc\u00e9dure civile. Elle s’inscrit en coh\u00e9rence avec la jurisprudence existante sur le sujet. “En application de l\u2019article susvis\u00e9, le juge peut, \u00e0 tout moment de l’instance, enjoindre aux parties de rencontrer, dans un d\u00e9lai qu’il d\u00e9termine, un m\u00e9diateur qui les informera sur l’objet et le d\u00e9roulement de la m\u00e9diation” (Tribunal judiciaire de Toulon, le 24 octobre 2025, n\u00b024\/00482). La port\u00e9e de la d\u00e9cision est de promouvoir le recours \u00e0 la m\u00e9diation tout en en fixant clairement le cadre. Elle assure une information compl\u00e8te et \u00e9quilibr\u00e9e des parties sur cette voie amiable.<\/p>\n

La d\u00e9cision op\u00e8re une distinction nette entre l’information et le consentement \u00e0 la m\u00e9diation. Le juge organise int\u00e9gralement une m\u00e9diation judiciaire conditionnelle pour le cas o\u00f9 les parties donneraient leur accord. Il fixe une provision, d\u00e9signe le m\u00e9diateur et d\u00e9termine la dur\u00e9e de la mission. Cette organisation anticip\u00e9e vise \u00e0 faciliter le lancement rapide de la m\u00e9diation en cas d’acceptation. Elle illustre la possibilit\u00e9 offerte par l’article 1533 de “subordonner la mesure au recueil du consentement des parties”. Cette approche respecte le caract\u00e8re volontaire de la m\u00e9diation, rappel\u00e9 par la jurisprudence. “Il appara\u00eet que le juge ne peut ordonner une m\u00e9diation que si les parties ont donn\u00e9 leur accord \u00e0 une telle mesure” (Tribunal judiciaire de Draguignan, le 11 f\u00e9vrier 2026, n\u00b025\/08826). La valeur de l’ordonnance est de proposer un mod\u00e8le proc\u00e9dural complet et incitatif. Elle encourage le r\u00e8glement amiable tout en pr\u00e9servant absolument la libert\u00e9 des parties. Le sens de cette d\u00e9marche est de concilier efficacit\u00e9 proc\u00e9durale et autonomie de la volont\u00e9.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le tribunal judiciaire de Caen, statuant en r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9 le 25 juillet 2025, est saisi d’un litige cons\u00e9cutif \u00e0 une vente immobili\u00e8re. Les demandeurs sollicitent u…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":232070755,"featured_media":4838,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_kj_source_type":"judilibre","_kj_official_id":"68d441d06a4025c174c40b59","_kj_official_url":"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/68d441d06a4025c174c40b59","_kj_judilibre_id":"68d441d06a4025c174c40b59","_kj_jur":"Tribunal judiciaire","_kj_lieu":"Tribunal judiciaire de Rouen","_kj_chambre":"PAC - R\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9s","_kj_rg":"25\/00166","_kj_date":"2025-09-18","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[7597],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-682264","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jurisprudence"],"yoast_head":"\nTribunal judiciaire de Caen, le 25 juillet 2025, n\u00b025\/00166 - Ma\u00eetre Hassan Kohen, avocat en droit p\u00e9nal \u00e0 Paris<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le tribunal judiciaire de Caen, statuant en r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9 le 25 juillet 2025, est saisi d'un litige cons\u00e9cutif \u00e0 une vente immobili\u00e8re. 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