{"id":683837,"date":"2026-04-25T19:05:57","date_gmt":"2026-04-25T17:05:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/cour-dappel-de-versailles-le-3-juillet-2025-n22-14-148\/"},"modified":"2026-04-25T19:05:57","modified_gmt":"2026-04-25T17:05:57","slug":"cour-dappel-de-versailles-le-3-juillet-2025-n22-14-148","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/en\/cour-dappel-de-versailles-le-3-juillet-2025-n22-14-148\/","title":{"rendered":"Cour d’appel de Versailles, le 3 juillet 2025, n\u00b022-14.148"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Par un arr\u00eat du 3 juillet 2025, la Cour de cassation (deuxi\u00e8me chambre civile) casse partiellement un arr\u00eat de la cour d\u2019appel de Versailles du 15 septembre 2021. Le litige na\u00eet d\u2019un licenciement pour faute grave contest\u00e9 par une salari\u00e9e, qui sollicite des dommages et int\u00e9r\u00eats pour harc\u00e8lement moral devant la juridiction prud\u2019homale. La cour d\u2019appel, apr\u00e8s avoir relev\u00e9 la production de cinquante\u2011cinq pi\u00e8ces, a confirm\u00e9 le jugement, estimant l\u2019absence de num\u00e9rotation dans les conclusions d\u00e9cisive pour \u00e9carter toute pr\u00e9somption de harc\u00e8lement.<\/p>\n

La question est celle de la port\u00e9e de l\u2019article 954 du code de proc\u00e9dure civile en appel. Le d\u00e9faut de renvoi aux pi\u00e8ces et de num\u00e9rotation peut\u2011il conduire le juge \u00e0 s\u2019abstenir d\u2019examiner des pi\u00e8ces r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement produites et identifiables. La Cour r\u00e9pond par la n\u00e9gative, mobilisant le texte et le droit d\u2019acc\u00e8s au juge, afin de borner le formalisme de la proc\u00e9dure d\u2019appel.<\/p>\n

I. Le sens de la solution retenue au regard de l\u2019article 954 du code de proc\u00e9dure civile<\/p>\n

A. Le formalisme exig\u00e9 des conclusions d\u2019appel<\/p>\n

La Cour rappelle d\u2019abord le contenu normatif des \u00e9critures d\u2019appel. Elle cite l\u2019article 954, en \u00e9non\u00e7ant que \u00ab selon ce texte, les conclusions d’appel doivent formuler express\u00e9ment les pr\u00e9tentions des parties et les moyens de fait et de droit sur lesquels chacune de ces pr\u00e9tentions est fond\u00e9e avec indication pour chaque pr\u00e9tention des pi\u00e8ces invoqu\u00e9es et de leur num\u00e9rotation. Un bordereau r\u00e9capitulatif des pi\u00e8ces est annex\u00e9. \u00bb L\u2019obligation de renvoi et de num\u00e9rotation est claire, et vise l\u2019intelligibilit\u00e9 du d\u00e9bat.<\/p>\n

La juridiction du fond a cependant \u00e9rig\u00e9 ce formalisme en condition d\u2019examen du fond des pr\u00e9tentions. Elle a relev\u00e9 que \u00ab pour confirmer le jugement, l’arr\u00eat retient que la salari\u00e9e, qui verse cinquante-cinq pi\u00e8ces aux d\u00e9bats, n’indique pas dans ses conclusions les pi\u00e8ces invoqu\u00e9es et leur num\u00e9rotation au soutien de ses pr\u00e9tentions \u00bb. Elle en a d\u00e9duit l\u2019absence d\u2019\u00e9l\u00e9ments pr\u00e9cis et concordants, sans engager l\u2019analyse des documents vers\u00e9s.<\/p>\n

B. L\u2019office du juge d\u2019appel et l\u2019examen des pi\u00e8ces produites<\/p>\n

La Cour de cassation encadre ce formalisme en r\u00e9affirmant l\u2019office du juge. Elle juge que \u00ab cette absence de renvoi par les conclusions aux pi\u00e8ces produites et \u00e0 leur num\u00e9rotation, qui n’est assortie d’aucune sanction, ne la dispensait pas de son obligation d’examiner les pi\u00e8ces r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement vers\u00e9es aux d\u00e9bats \u00bb. La sanction d\u2019un d\u00e9faut de num\u00e9rotation ne peut na\u00eetre sans texte, ni priver le juge de son r\u00f4le d\u2019appr\u00e9ciation.<\/p>\n

La solution se fonde aussi sur l\u2019identification suffisante des pi\u00e8ces. L\u2019arr\u00eat souligne qu\u2019elles \u00e9taient \u00ab clairement identifi\u00e9es dans les conclusions prises au soutien de ses pr\u00e9tentions \u00bb. D\u00e8s lors, l\u2019insuffisance formelle ne justifiait pas l\u2019\u00e9viction pure et simple d\u2019un ensemble probatoire pertinent, surtout dans un contentieux requ\u00e9rant une appr\u00e9ciation concr\u00e8te.<\/p>\n

II. La valeur et la port\u00e9e de la d\u00e9cision au regard du proc\u00e8s \u00e9quitable et de la pratique contentieuse<\/p>\n

A. Une conciliation n\u00e9cessaire avec l\u2019article 6 de la Convention europ\u00e9enne<\/p>\n

La Cour articule sa censure avec la garantie conventionnelle du proc\u00e8s \u00e9quitable. Elle \u00e9nonce que, \u00ab sauf \u00e0 priver l’appelant du droit \u00e0 l’acc\u00e8s \u00e0 un tribunal consacr\u00e9 par l’article 6, \u00a7 1, de la Convention de sauvegarde des droits de l’homme et des libert\u00e9s fondamentales \u00bb, le formalisme ne peut ob\u00e9rer l\u2019examen des pi\u00e8ces produites. Le rappel \u00e9vite un exc\u00e8s de ritualisme, incompatible avec la finalit\u00e9 de la proc\u00e9dure.<\/p>\n

Cette r\u00e9f\u00e9rence conf\u00e8re une assise normative robuste \u00e0 la solution. La proportionnalit\u00e9 gouverne la mise en \u0153uvre de l\u2019article 954, qui ordonne la pr\u00e9sentation des pr\u00e9tentions sans instituer de sanction automatique. L\u2019approche prot\u00e8ge l\u2019effectivit\u00e9 des droits, tout en pr\u00e9servant la lisibilit\u00e9 des d\u00e9bats par l\u2019exigence d\u2019un bordereau et d\u2019un renvoi ordonn\u00e9.<\/p>\n

B. Cons\u00e9quences pratiques en appel et en mati\u00e8re de harc\u00e8lement moral<\/p>\n

La port\u00e9e est nette pour la technique d\u2019appel. L\u2019absence de num\u00e9rotation ne suffit pas \u00e0 \u00e9carter l\u2019examen des pi\u00e8ces, lorsque celles\u2011ci sont d\u00e9pos\u00e9es et identifiables dans les conclusions. Les juges doivent motiver au fond, apr\u00e8s analyse des documents communiqu\u00e9s, en \u00e9vitant de substituer un filtre formaliste \u00e0 l\u2019office d\u2019instruction des pr\u00e9tentions.<\/p>\n

En contentieux de harc\u00e8lement moral, la solution est particuli\u00e8rement op\u00e9rante. Elle impose au juge d\u2019appel d\u2019appr\u00e9cier l\u2019ensemble des \u00e9l\u00e9ments fournis, afin de dire si des faits pr\u00e9cis et concordants sont pr\u00e9sum\u00e9s, puis confront\u00e9s aux justifications adverses. La cassation partielle, avec renvoi devant la cour d\u2019appel de Versailles autrement compos\u00e9e, rappelle que, bien que louable, le formalisme probatoire ne saurait suppl\u00e9er l\u2019examen des pi\u00e8ces produites et discut\u00e9es.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Par un arr\u00eat du 3 juillet 2025, la Cour de cassation (deuxi\u00e8me chambre civile) casse partiellement un arr\u00eat de la cour d\u2019appel de Versailles du 15 septembre …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":232070755,"featured_media":4821,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_kj_source_type":"judilibre","_kj_official_id":"68661e6e55c314fc83710481","_kj_official_url":"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/68661e6e55c314fc83710481","_kj_judilibre_id":"68661e6e55c314fc83710481","_kj_jur":"Cour de cassation","_kj_lieu":"","_kj_chambre":"Deuxi\u00e8me chambre civile","_kj_rg":"22-14.148","_kj_date":"2025-07-03","_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[7597],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-683837","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jurisprudence"],"yoast_head":"\nCour d'appel de Versailles, le 3 juillet 2025, n\u00b022-14.148 - 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Un promoteur attaque un jugement ay...","rel":"","context":"In "Jurisprudence"","block_context":{"text":"Jurisprudence","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/category\/jurisprudence\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kohenavocats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/denise-schuld-zasdQFfh4oA-unsplash.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kohenavocats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/denise-schuld-zasdQFfh4oA-unsplash.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kohenavocats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/denise-schuld-zasdQFfh4oA-unsplash.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kohenavocats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/denise-schuld-zasdQFfh4oA-unsplash.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kohenavocats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/denise-schuld-zasdQFfh4oA-unsplash.webp?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kohenavocats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/denise-schuld-zasdQFfh4oA-unsplash.webp?resize=1400%2C800&ssl=1 4x"},"classes":[]},{"id":84143,"url":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/en\/cour-dappel-de-versailles-le-3-juillet-2025-n22-03344\/","url_meta":{"origin":683837,"position":5},"title":"Cour d’appel de Versailles, le 3 juillet 2025, n\u00b022\/03344","author":"Kohen","date":"10 November 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"Rendue par la cour d\u2019appel de Versailles le 3 juillet 2025, la d\u00e9cision tranche un litige prud\u2019homal portant sur la qualification d\u2019un licenciement notifi\u00e9 pour faute grave \u00e0 un ing\u00e9nieur \u00e9tudes intervenant dans le secteur automobile. La juridiction contr\u00f4le la gravit\u00e9 des manquements invoqu\u00e9s, la d\u00e9limitation du litige par la\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Chambre sociale"","block_context":{"text":"Chambre sociale","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/category\/jurisprudence-sociale\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kohenavocats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/pawel-czerwinski-5bDy-13w_Nc-unsplash.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kohenavocats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/pawel-czerwinski-5bDy-13w_Nc-unsplash.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kohenavocats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/pawel-czerwinski-5bDy-13w_Nc-unsplash.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kohenavocats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/pawel-czerwinski-5bDy-13w_Nc-unsplash.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kohenavocats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/pawel-czerwinski-5bDy-13w_Nc-unsplash.webp?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kohenavocats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/pawel-czerwinski-5bDy-13w_Nc-unsplash.webp?resize=1400%2C800&ssl=1 4x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/683837","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/232070755"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=683837"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/683837\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4821"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=683837"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=683837"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=683837"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}