{"id":683893,"date":"2026-04-25T19:08:40","date_gmt":"2026-04-25T17:08:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/cour-dappel-de-bourges-le-5-septembre-2025-n24-00737\/"},"modified":"2026-04-25T19:08:40","modified_gmt":"2026-04-25T17:08:40","slug":"cour-dappel-de-bourges-le-5-septembre-2025-n24-00737","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/en\/cour-dappel-de-bourges-le-5-septembre-2025-n24-00737\/","title":{"rendered":"Cour d’appel de Bourges, le 5 septembre 2025, n\u00b024\/00737"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

La Cour d’appel de Bourges, 5 septembre 2025, statue sur la responsabilit\u00e9 du vendeur professionnel d\u2019un carrelage pr\u00e9sentant des diff\u00e9rences de teinte, ainsi que sur l\u2019\u00e9valuation du pr\u00e9judice apr\u00e8s revente du bien affect\u00e9. L\u2019arr\u00eat traite aussi du partage de responsabilit\u00e9 avec l\u2019installateur et des demandes accessoires relatives aux mat\u00e9riaux fournis pour l\u2019expertise. Les juges \u00e9noncent d\u2019abord les r\u00e8gles de la d\u00e9livrance conforme et rappellent l\u2019exigence d\u2019une preuve adapt\u00e9e concernant la moins-value invoqu\u00e9e apr\u00e8s l\u2019ali\u00e9nation. Ils reconfigurent ensuite la contribution \u00e0 la dette entre le vendeur et le poseur, et r\u00e9forment des chefs accessoires.<\/p>\n

Une acheteuse a acquis 99 carreaux et en a confi\u00e9 la pose \u00e0 un entrepreneur. Des nuances de teinte ont \u00e9t\u00e9 relev\u00e9es dans plusieurs pi\u00e8ces. Une expertise judiciaire a \u00e9t\u00e9 ordonn\u00e9e puis d\u00e9pos\u00e9e, concluant \u00e0 un m\u00e9lange de bains de fabrication. L\u2019immeuble a \u00e9t\u00e9 ult\u00e9rieurement vendu, un jugement ayant condamn\u00e9 le vendeur \u00e0 indemniser la perte mat\u00e9rielle et le pr\u00e9judice moral, avec un appel en garantie contre le poseur. La Cour confirme le manquement du vendeur \u00e0 la d\u00e9livrance conforme, recentre l\u2019indemnisation mat\u00e9rielle sur la moins-value effectivement subie apr\u00e8s la revente, et ajuste la garantie du poseur. Elle statue enfin sur l\u2019impossibilit\u00e9 de reprise des carreaux expertis\u00e9s et sur les frais.<\/p>\n

La question principale portait sur la caract\u00e9risation du manquement de d\u00e9livrance conforme en pr\u00e9sence de teintes variables, puis sur la m\u00e9thode d\u2019\u00e9valuation du dommage apr\u00e8s l\u2019ali\u00e9nation du bien. S\u2019y ajoutaient la d\u00e9termination du partage de responsabilit\u00e9 avec le professionnel poseur et la port\u00e9e des demandes accessoires. L\u2019arr\u00eat admet le manquement du vendeur, r\u00e9duit l\u2019indemnit\u00e9 mat\u00e9rielle \u00e0 10 000 euros au titre de la perte financi\u00e8re lors de la vente, maintient 500 euros de pr\u00e9judice moral, porte la garantie du poseur \u00e0 40 %, et rejette les pr\u00e9tentions de restitution ou d\u2019indemnisation li\u00e9es aux carreaux mis \u00e0 disposition.<\/p>\n

I. Le sens de la d\u00e9cision: d\u00e9livrance conforme et \u00e9valuation du pr\u00e9judice<\/p>\n

A. La non-conformit\u00e9 de teinte et l\u2019obligation de r\u00e9sultat du vendeur
\nL\u2019arr\u00eat rappelle le cadre l\u00e9gal de la vente. Il cite d\u2019abord le texte cardinal de la d\u00e9livrance: \u00ab la d\u00e9livrance est le transport de la chose vendue en la puissance et possession de l’acheteur \u00bb. La solution s\u2019adosse \u00e0 l\u2019obligation de d\u00e9livrance conforme, appr\u00e9hend\u00e9e comme une obligation de r\u00e9sultat, dont la violation se d\u00e9duit du seul \u00e9cart \u00e0 la qualit\u00e9 attendue. Les juges \u00e9noncent express\u00e9ment que \u00ab Il convient de rappeler que l’obligation de d\u00e9livrance conforme est une obligation de r\u00e9sultat, de sorte que la seule constatation de l’absence d’atteinte du r\u00e9sultat suffit \u00e0 apporter la preuve du manquement \u00e0 cette obligation. \u00bb La preuve de la non-conformit\u00e9 ressort d\u2019une expertise pr\u00e9cise: \u00ab les diff\u00e9rences de teinte des carreaux de carrelage constat\u00e9es r\u00e9sultent de bains diff\u00e9rents dans le cadre de la fabrication du carrelage \u00bb. Le caract\u00e8re l\u00e9gitime des attentes de l\u2019acheteuse est formul\u00e9 sans d\u00e9tour: \u00ab L’acheteur qui passe une commande unique de carreaux de carrelage d’un m\u00eame mod\u00e8le, pour carreler un m\u00eame \u00e9tage d’une habitation, peut l\u00e9gitimement s’attendre \u00e0 ce que les carreaux vendus soient rigoureusement de la m\u00eame teinte. \u00bb La non-conformit\u00e9 se trouve ainsi objectiv\u00e9e, ind\u00e9pendamment de toute faute d\u00e9montr\u00e9e, par l\u2019inad\u00e9quation du r\u00e9sultat livr\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019usage normalement attendu.<\/p>\n

B. La r\u00e9paration apr\u00e8s revente: la moins-value comme mesure du dommage
\nLa Cour recentre l\u2019\u00e9valuation du pr\u00e9judice mat\u00e9riel sur la r\u00e8gle classique applicable en cas d\u2019ali\u00e9nation post\u00e9rieure. Elle rappelle que \u00ab La Cour de cassation juge que par l’effet de l’ali\u00e9nation, le pr\u00e9judice subi par le vendeur du fait des d\u00e9sordres affectant son immeuble se transforme en une simple cr\u00e9ance de somme d’argent \u00bb et que l\u2019indemnit\u00e9 doit refl\u00e9ter la diff\u00e9rence entre le prix en \u00e9tat parfait et le prix effectivement obtenu. Elle exclut, dans cette perspective, le chiffrage par le co\u00fbt des reprises, devenu inadapt\u00e9 apr\u00e8s la cession. L\u2019examen de la preuve propos\u00e9e conduit \u00e0 \u00e9carter une r\u00e9duction arithm\u00e9tique reposant sur un seul courrier d\u2019agence: \u00ab La seule volont\u00e9 de l’agent immobilier de baisser le prix de 20 000 euros ne saurait, en l’absence d’\u00e9l\u00e9ments compl\u00e9mentaires sur l’\u00e9tat du march\u00e9 immobilier local et la teneur des \u00e9changes avec les clients ayant visit\u00e9 le bien, suffire \u00e0 apporter cette preuve. \u00bb La Cour use alors de son pouvoir d\u2019appr\u00e9ciation souveraine pour fixer la perte \u00e0 10 000 euros, proportionn\u00e9e \u00e0 la consistance des \u00e9l\u00e9ments produits et au retentissement concret du d\u00e9faut lors des n\u00e9gociations.<\/p>\n

II. La valeur et la port\u00e9e: partage de responsabilit\u00e9 et demandes accessoires<\/p>\n

A. Le partage de responsabilit\u00e9 avec le poseur: contr\u00f4le attendu et prise en compte du contexte
\nLe d\u00e9bat en appel ne portait plus sur le principe d\u2019une contribution du poseur, mais sur son quantum: \u00ab Seul est donc en d\u00e9bat devant la cour le quantum du partage de responsabilit\u00e9 entre la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Do Minho et M. [G]. \u00bb Les juges retiennent que l\u2019expertise a soulign\u00e9 la difficult\u00e9 \u00e0 d\u00e9tecter, avant pose et nettoyage, des nuances peu perceptibles: \u00ab Au vu des constatations que nous avons faites, il \u00e9tait plus que difficile de d\u00e9celer les diff\u00e9rences de teinte des carreaux avant leur pose et nettoyage \u00bb. Ils exigent toutefois du professionnel une vigilance accrue, incluant un contr\u00f4le pr\u00e9alable raisonnable et adapt\u00e9. En combinant cette exigence avec les circonstances, la Cour retient une r\u00e9partition \u00e0 60 % pour le vendeur et 40 % pour le poseur. Cette pond\u00e9ration mesure l\u2019intensit\u00e9 respective des obligations: r\u00e9sultat quant \u00e0 la d\u00e9livrance conforme pour le vendeur; prudence et v\u00e9rifications normales pour l\u2019installateur. Elle valorise aussi les d\u00e9marches amiables initi\u00e9es en amont par le poseur, sans les \u00e9riger en cause exon\u00e9ratoire totale.<\/p>\n

B. Les demandes accessoires: impossibilit\u00e9 mat\u00e9rielle, garde des mat\u00e9riaux et frais
\nL\u2019obligation de reprise des carreaux mis \u00e0 disposition au cours de l\u2019expertise devient sans objet, l\u2019ex\u00e9cution mat\u00e9rielle s\u2019\u00e9tant r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9e impossible en raison de leur disparition. La Cour en tire les cons\u00e9quences proc\u00e9durales, sans faire peser sur l\u2019acheteuse une obligation de garde qui n\u2019avait pas \u00e9t\u00e9 contractuellement pr\u00e9vue. Les fondements invoqu\u00e9s relatifs \u00e0 la r\u00e9p\u00e9tition de l\u2019indu ou aux restitutions sont \u00e9cart\u00e9s, faute de paiement indu ou d\u2019an\u00e9antissement contractuel pertinent. Les pr\u00e9tentions indemnitaires li\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019immobilisation des mat\u00e9riaux ne prosp\u00e8rent pas davantage, la faute de l\u2019acheteuse n\u2019\u00e9tant pas d\u00e9montr\u00e9e. La solution se prolonge par une r\u00e9partition des d\u00e9pens \u00e0 proportion de la responsabilit\u00e9 retenue, et par l\u2019allocation d\u2019une indemnit\u00e9 au titre des frais irr\u00e9p\u00e9tibles, en consid\u00e9ration de l\u2019\u00e9quit\u00e9 et de l\u2019issue du litige.<\/p>\n

L\u2019arr\u00eat \u00e9claire, avec constance, le r\u00e9gime de la d\u00e9livrance conforme pour les biens homog\u00e8nes, l\u2019assiette du dommage apr\u00e8s ali\u00e9nation, et la juste articulation entre obligation de r\u00e9sultat du vendeur et diligence attendue du poseur. Il offre enfin une mise au point utile sur la charge de la preuve de la moins-value et sur la qualification des demandes accessoires en pr\u00e9sence de mat\u00e9riaux remis pour expertise.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La Cour d’appel de Bourges, 5 septembre 2025, statue sur la responsabilit\u00e9 du vendeur professionnel d\u2019un carrelage pr\u00e9sentant des diff\u00e9rences de teinte, ains…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":232070755,"featured_media":9510,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_kj_source_type":"judilibre","_kj_official_id":"68bbc2667b4cdf02e9698f78","_kj_official_url":"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/68bbc2667b4cdf02e9698f78","_kj_judilibre_id":"68bbc2667b4cdf02e9698f78","_kj_jur":"Cour d'appel","_kj_lieu":"Bourges","_kj_chambre":"1\u00e8re Chambre","_kj_rg":"24\/00737","_kj_date":"2025-09-05","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[7597],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-683893","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jurisprudence"],"yoast_head":"\nCour d'appel de Bourges, le 5 septembre 2025, n\u00b024\/00737 - 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Les faits opposent des acqu\u00e9reurs \u00e0 un fournisseur...","rel":"","context":"In "Cour d'appel"","block_context":{"text":"Cour d'appel","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/category\/cour-dappel\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kohenavocats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/annie-spratt-GWCvnsMtiBg-unsplash.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kohenavocats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/annie-spratt-GWCvnsMtiBg-unsplash.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kohenavocats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/annie-spratt-GWCvnsMtiBg-unsplash.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kohenavocats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/annie-spratt-GWCvnsMtiBg-unsplash.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kohenavocats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/annie-spratt-GWCvnsMtiBg-unsplash.webp?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kohenavocats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/annie-spratt-GWCvnsMtiBg-unsplash.webp?resize=1400%2C800&ssl=1 4x"},"classes":[]},{"id":662304,"url":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/en\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-bourg-en-bresse-le-23-septembre-2025-n24-00604\/","url_meta":{"origin":683893,"position":5},"title":"Tribunal judiciaire de Bourg-en-Bresse, le 23 septembre 2025, n\u00b024\/00604","author":"Kohen","date":"23 April 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"Le tribunal judiciaire, statuant en premier ressort, a rendu un jugement le 23 septembre 2025. L'affaire concernait l'acqu\u00e9reur d'une maison construite par l...","rel":"","context":"In "Jurisprudence"","block_context":{"text":"Jurisprudence","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/category\/jurisprudence\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kohenavocats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/filtergrade-TZ63XfVx_uE-unsplash.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kohenavocats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/filtergrade-TZ63XfVx_uE-unsplash.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kohenavocats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/filtergrade-TZ63XfVx_uE-unsplash.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kohenavocats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/filtergrade-TZ63XfVx_uE-unsplash.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kohenavocats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/filtergrade-TZ63XfVx_uE-unsplash.webp?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kohenavocats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/filtergrade-TZ63XfVx_uE-unsplash.webp?resize=1400%2C800&ssl=1 4x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/683893","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/232070755"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=683893"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/683893\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9510"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=683893"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=683893"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=683893"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}