{"id":785937,"date":"2026-04-30T18:41:03","date_gmt":"2026-04-30T16:41:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-paris-le-17-decembre-2025-n25-08152\/"},"modified":"2026-04-30T18:41:03","modified_gmt":"2026-04-30T16:41:03","slug":"tribunal-judiciaire-de-paris-le-17-decembre-2025-n25-08152","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/en\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-paris-le-17-decembre-2025-n25-08152\/","title":{"rendered":"Tribunal judiciaire de Paris, le 17 d\u00e9cembre 2025, n\u00b025\/08152"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Le jugement rendu le 17 d\u00e9cembre 2025 par le juge des contentieux de la protection du tribunal judiciaire de Paris statue sur une demande en paiement form\u00e9e par un \u00e9tablissement bancaire \u00e0 l’encontre d’un emprunteur d\u00e9faillant. Un cr\u00e9dit personnel affect\u00e9 au financement d’\u00e9tudes avait \u00e9t\u00e9 consenti le 9 avril 2021 pour 18 000 euros. L’emprunteur, apr\u00e8s une p\u00e9riode de franchise, n’a pas rembours\u00e9 les \u00e9ch\u00e9ances pr\u00e9vues et n’a pas comparu \u00e0 l’audience. La question de droit portait sur la recevabilit\u00e9 de l’action, la r\u00e9siliation du contrat et le montant de la cr\u00e9ance. Le tribunal a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 l’action recevable, prononc\u00e9 la r\u00e9siliation et condamn\u00e9 l’emprunteur au paiement de 18 357,78 euros.<\/p>\n

I. La recevabilit\u00e9 de l’action et la r\u00e9siliation du contrat pour inex\u00e9cution grave<\/p>\n

A. Le respect du d\u00e9lai biennal de forclusion<\/p>\n

Le juge v\u00e9rifie d’office que l’action a \u00e9t\u00e9 introduite dans le d\u00e9lai l\u00e9gal de deux ans. Il rel\u00e8ve que “le premier incident de paiement non r\u00e9gularis\u00e9 date du 5 septembre 2024” tandis que l’assignation a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9livr\u00e9e le 5 septembre 2025. Cette constatation simple \u00e9tablit le respect du d\u00e9lai de forclusion pr\u00e9vu \u00e0 l’article R312-35 du code de la consommation. La solution est conforme \u00e0 la lettre du texte et ne soul\u00e8ve pas de difficult\u00e9 particuli\u00e8re. Sur ce point, la d\u00e9cision s’inscrit dans une application classique des r\u00e8gles de prescription propres au cr\u00e9dit \u00e0 la consommation. La s\u00e9curit\u00e9 juridique des contrats est ainsi pr\u00e9serv\u00e9e par le contr\u00f4le rigoureux du juge.<\/p>\n

B. La caract\u00e9risation d’une inex\u00e9cution suffisamment grave<\/p>\n

Pour prononcer la r\u00e9siliation, le juge s’appuie sur les articles 1224 et suivants du code civil. Il constate que l’emprunteur “n’a jamais commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 s’acquitter de ces mensualit\u00e9s” apr\u00e8s la franchise, malgr\u00e9 une mise en demeure. L’absence de comparution aux audiences malgr\u00e9 sa propre demande de suspension aggrave son manquement contractuel. Le juge qualifie cette situation d'”inex\u00e9cution suffisamment grave justifiant la r\u00e9siliation du contrat”. La valeur de ce raisonnement est d’ancrer la r\u00e9solution judiciaire dans une appr\u00e9ciation concr\u00e8te du comportement du d\u00e9biteur. La port\u00e9e est de rappeler que l’inex\u00e9cution peut \u00eatre constitu\u00e9e par une abstention totale et persistante.<\/p>\n

II. La d\u00e9termination de la cr\u00e9ance et les mesures accessoires<\/p>\n

A. Le calcul pr\u00e9cis du capital restant d\u00fb et des int\u00e9r\u00eats<\/p>\n

Le juge \u00e9value la cr\u00e9ance \u00e0 partir des pi\u00e8ces produites par la banque, dont l’offre et l’historique de compte. Il fixe le capital d\u00fb \u00e0 18 477,96 euros, incluant les int\u00e9r\u00eats \u00e9chus, puis d\u00e9duit un paiement partiel de 120,18 euros. La somme finale de 18 357,78 euros produira des int\u00e9r\u00eats au taux contractuel de 2,90 % \u00e0 compter de la r\u00e9siliation. Le juge \u00e9carte express\u00e9ment les primes d’assurance impay\u00e9es, estimant qu’elles ne constituent pas des “frais taxables” au sens de l’article L312-38 du code de la consommation. Cette position restrictive prot\u00e8ge l’emprunteur contre des r\u00e9clamations excessives et pr\u00e9cise la notion de frais r\u00e9cup\u00e9rables.<\/p>\n

B. L’absence d’indemnit\u00e9 l\u00e9gale et les condamnations accessoires<\/p>\n

Le tribunal constate que la banque “ne para\u00eet pas r\u00e9clamer cette indemnit\u00e9” de 8 % sur le capital d\u00fb, faute de la mentionner distinctement dans son d\u00e9compte. Il en d\u00e9duit que la demande n’est pas form\u00e9e, ce qui constitue une application rigoureuse du principe dispositif. L’emprunteur est condamn\u00e9 aux d\u00e9pens en tant que partie perdante, conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 l’article 696 du code de proc\u00e9dure civile. Une somme de 500 euros lui est \u00e9galement allou\u00e9e au titre de l’article 700, pour compenser les frais expos\u00e9s par la banque. La d\u00e9cision rappelle enfin son ex\u00e9cution provisoire de droit, garantissant l’efficacit\u00e9 de la condamnation.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le jugement rendu le 17 d\u00e9cembre 2025 par le juge des contentieux de la protection du tribunal judiciaire de Paris statue sur une demande en paiement form\u00e9e …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":232070755,"featured_media":4756,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_kj_source_type":"judilibre","_kj_official_id":"6954280675782d5f06476971","_kj_official_url":"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/6954280675782d5f06476971","_kj_judilibre_id":"6954280675782d5f06476971","_kj_jur":"Tribunal judiciaire","_kj_lieu":"Paris","_kj_chambre":"PCP JCP fond","_kj_rg":"25\/08152","_kj_date":"2025-12-17","_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[7597],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-785937","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jurisprudence"],"yoast_head":"\nTribunal judiciaire de Paris, le 17 d\u00e9cembre 2025, n\u00b025\/08152 - 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