{"id":798030,"date":"2026-05-01T06:06:43","date_gmt":"2026-05-01T04:06:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/conseil-constitutionnel-le-6-avril-2023-n2022-5956\/"},"modified":"2026-05-01T06:06:43","modified_gmt":"2026-05-01T04:06:43","slug":"conseil-constitutionnel-le-6-avril-2023-n2022-5956","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/en\/conseil-constitutionnel-le-6-avril-2023-n2022-5956\/","title":{"rendered":"Conseil constitutionnel, le 6 avril 2023, n\u00b02022-5956"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Le Conseil constitutionnel, dans sa d\u00e9cision du 6 avril 2023, a \u00e9t\u00e9 saisi par la Commission nationale des comptes de campagne apr\u00e8s le d\u00e9p\u00f4t tardif du compte d’un candidat aux \u00e9lections l\u00e9gislatives de juin 2022. Les faits sont simples : le candidat, ayant obtenu plus de 1% des suffrages, devait d\u00e9poser son compte avant le 19 ao\u00fbt 2022 \u00e0 18 heures. Il ne l’a d\u00e9pos\u00e9 que le 17 octobre 2022, soit pr\u00e8s de deux mois apr\u00e8s le d\u00e9lai l\u00e9gal. La question de droit portait sur l’opportunit\u00e9 de prononcer l’in\u00e9ligibilit\u00e9 pr\u00e9vue par l’article L.O. 136-1 du code \u00e9lectoral. Le Conseil a r\u00e9pondu qu’il n’y avait pas lieu de d\u00e9clarer le candidat in\u00e9ligible.<\/p>\n

I. Un manquement formel caract\u00e9ris\u00e9 mais d\u00e9pourvu de cons\u00e9quences financi\u00e8res<\/p>\n

Le Conseil constate d’abord que le candidat a viol\u00e9 l’obligation de d\u00e9lai de d\u00e9p\u00f4t du compte de campagne. Il rel\u00e8ve que “M. COGNERAS a d\u00e9pos\u00e9 son compte de campagne le 17 octobre 2022, soit apr\u00e8s l’expiration de ce d\u00e9lai” (Consid\u00e9rant 3). Ce retard constitue un manquement aux prescriptions de l’article L. 52-12 du code \u00e9lectoral. La valeur de cette constatation est de rappeler la rigueur formelle des obligations comptables applicables \u00e0 tout candidat. La port\u00e9e de ce constat est d’ouvrir la voie \u00e0 une sanction potentielle, l’in\u00e9ligibilit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Cependant, le Conseil examine imm\u00e9diatement la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 mat\u00e9rielle du compte. Il souligne que le candidat “a produit une attestation d’absence de d\u00e9pense et de recette \u00e9tablie par son mandataire financier” (Consid\u00e9rant 4). Cette attestation est corrobor\u00e9e par “un extrait du relev\u00e9 du compte bancaire ouvert par ce dernier confirmant que ce compte n’a connu aucun mouvement” (Consid\u00e9rant 4). Le sens de cette analyse est de distinguer la forme du fond. La valeur de cette preuve est d\u00e9terminante car elle \u00e9tablit l’absence totale d’activit\u00e9 financi\u00e8re de campagne.<\/p>\n

II. Une application mesur\u00e9e de la sanction d’in\u00e9ligibilit\u00e9 par le juge \u00e9lectoral<\/p>\n

Le Conseil op\u00e8re un contr\u00f4le de proportionnalit\u00e9 entre la faute et la sanction. Il \u00e9nonce que “le manquement commis ne justifie pas que M. COGNERAS soit d\u00e9clar\u00e9 in\u00e9ligible en application de l’article L.O. 136-1 du code \u00e9lectoral” (Consid\u00e9rant 5). Le sens de cette d\u00e9cision est de r\u00e9server l’in\u00e9ligibilit\u00e9 aux cas de “volont\u00e9 de fraude ou de manquement d’une particuli\u00e8re gravit\u00e9” pr\u00e9vus par ce texte. La valeur de ce raisonnement est de faire pr\u00e9valoir l’absence de pr\u00e9judice financier sur le non-respect du formalisme proc\u00e9dural.<\/p>\n

La port\u00e9e de cet arr\u00eat est double. D’une part, il pr\u00e9cise que le retard de d\u00e9p\u00f4t n’est pas automatiquement sanctionn\u00e9 par l’in\u00e9ligibilit\u00e9. D’autre part, il subordonne cette cl\u00e9mence \u00e0 la d\u00e9monstration de l’absence totale de recettes et de d\u00e9penses de campagne. Cette jurisprudence prot\u00e8ge les candidats sans activit\u00e9 financi\u00e8re tout en maintenant la rigueur du syst\u00e8me pour ceux qui ont effectivement collect\u00e9 des fonds. Le Conseil affirme ainsi que la gravit\u00e9 du manquement s’appr\u00e9cie in concreto.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le Conseil constitutionnel, dans sa d\u00e9cision du 6 avril 2023, a \u00e9t\u00e9 saisi par la Commission nationale des comptes de campagne apr\u00e8s le d\u00e9p\u00f4t tardif du compte…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":232070755,"featured_media":9476,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_kj_source_type":"cc","_kj_official_id":"CONSTEXT000047482259","_kj_official_url":"https:\/\/www.conseil-constitutionnel.fr\/decision\/2023\/20225956AN.htm","_kj_judilibre_id":"","_kj_jur":"Conseil constitutionnel","_kj_lieu":"Paris","_kj_chambre":"AN","_kj_rg":"2022-5956","_kj_date":"2023-04-07","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[7597],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-798030","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jurisprudence"],"yoast_head":"\nConseil constitutionnel, le 6 avril 2023, n\u00b02022-5956 - 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