{"id":798034,"date":"2026-05-01T06:06:48","date_gmt":"2026-05-01T04:06:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/conseil-constitutionnel-le-6-avril-2023-n2023-5982\/"},"modified":"2026-05-01T06:06:48","modified_gmt":"2026-05-01T04:06:48","slug":"conseil-constitutionnel-le-6-avril-2023-n2023-5982","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/en\/conseil-constitutionnel-le-6-avril-2023-n2023-5982\/","title":{"rendered":"Conseil constitutionnel, le 6 avril 2023, n\u00b02023-5982"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Le Conseil constitutionnel, dans sa d\u00e9cision du 6 avril 2023 rendue publique le 7 avril, a \u00e9t\u00e9 saisi par la Commission nationale des comptes de campagne. Cette saisine concernait la situation d\u2019un candidat aux \u00e9lections l\u00e9gislatives de juin 2022 dans la premi\u00e8re circonscription de La R\u00e9union. Le requ\u00e9rant, ayant obtenu plus de 1 % des suffrages, n\u2019avait pas d\u00e9pos\u00e9 son compte de campagne dans le d\u00e9lai l\u00e9gal. La question de droit portait sur la qualification de ce manquement et sur l\u2019opportunit\u00e9 de prononcer une in\u00e9ligibilit\u00e9. Le Conseil constitutionnel a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 le candidat in\u00e9ligible pour une dur\u00e9e de trois ans \u00e0 compter de sa d\u00e9cision.<\/p>\n

I. L\u2019obligation de d\u00e9p\u00f4t du compte de campagne et la constatation du manquement<\/p>\n

Le juge constitutionnel rappelle d\u2019abord le cadre l\u00e9gal applicable au financement des campagnes \u00e9lectorales. Il r\u00e9sulte de l\u2019article L. 52-12 du code \u00e9lectoral que tout candidat ayant obtenu au moins 1 % des suffrages exprim\u00e9s doit d\u00e9poser un compte de campagne. Ce compte doit \u00eatre pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 par un expert-comptable, sauf d\u00e9rogation pour les petits candidats, et remis avant le dixi\u00e8me vendredi suivant le premier tour. En l\u2019esp\u00e8ce, le candidat a obtenu plus de 1 % des suffrages exprim\u00e9s lors du scrutin du 12 juin 2022. Le Conseil constate qu\u2019\u00e0 l\u2019expiration du d\u00e9lai pr\u00e9vu, “il n\u2019a pas d\u00e9pos\u00e9 de compte de campagne alors qu\u2019il y \u00e9tait tenu” (cons. 3). Ce constat simple d\u2019une omission mat\u00e9rielle suffit \u00e0 caract\u00e9riser le manquement, sans qu\u2019il soit besoin d\u2019examiner le contenu du compte. La valeur de cette motivation est de rappeler le caract\u00e8re automatique de l\u2019obligation d\u00e9clarative pour tout candidat franchissant le seuil l\u00e9gal. La port\u00e9e de ce contr\u00f4le est de garantir la transparence financi\u00e8re des campagnes en sanctionnant l\u2019absence m\u00eame de d\u00e9p\u00f4t.<\/p>\n

II. La sanction de l\u2019in\u00e9ligibilit\u00e9 pour manquement grave<\/p>\n

Le Conseil constitutionnel examine ensuite si ce manquement justifie le prononc\u00e9 de l\u2019in\u00e9ligibilit\u00e9 pr\u00e9vue \u00e0 l\u2019article L.O. 136-1 du code \u00e9lectoral. Ce texte permet de d\u00e9clarer in\u00e9ligible le candidat qui n\u2019a pas d\u00e9pos\u00e9 son compte dans les conditions et le d\u00e9lai prescrits, en cas de volont\u00e9 de fraude ou de manquement d\u2019une particuli\u00e8re gravit\u00e9. Le juge rel\u00e8ve qu\u2019”il ne r\u00e9sulte pas de l\u2019instruction que des circonstances particuli\u00e8res \u00e9taient de nature \u00e0 justifier la m\u00e9connaissance des obligations” (cons. 4). Il en d\u00e9duit que le simple d\u00e9faut de d\u00e9p\u00f4t, sans excuse valable, constitue un manquement d\u2019une particuli\u00e8re gravit\u00e9. La d\u00e9cision prononce donc l\u2019in\u00e9ligibilit\u00e9 du candidat pour une dur\u00e9e de trois ans \u00e0 compter de la pr\u00e9sente d\u00e9cision. La valeur de cette solution est de confirmer une jurisprudence constante qui assimile l\u2019absence de d\u00e9p\u00f4t \u00e0 un manquement grave par nature. Sa port\u00e9e est dissuasive : tout candidat n\u00e9gligent s\u2019expose \u00e0 une in\u00e9ligibilit\u00e9 automatique, sans que l\u2019intention frauduleuse doive \u00eatre d\u00e9montr\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le Conseil constitutionnel, dans sa d\u00e9cision du 6 avril 2023 rendue publique le 7 avril, a \u00e9t\u00e9 saisi par la Commission nationale des comptes de campagne. Cet…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":232070755,"featured_media":3886,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_kj_source_type":"cc","_kj_official_id":"CONSTEXT000047482265","_kj_official_url":"https:\/\/www.conseil-constitutionnel.fr\/decision\/2023\/20235982AN.htm","_kj_judilibre_id":"","_kj_jur":"Conseil constitutionnel","_kj_lieu":"Paris","_kj_chambre":"AN","_kj_rg":"2023-5982","_kj_date":"2023-04-07","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[7597],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-798034","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jurisprudence"],"yoast_head":"\nConseil constitutionnel, le 6 avril 2023, n\u00b02023-5982 - Ma\u00eetre Hassan Kohen, avocat en droit p\u00e9nal \u00e0 Paris<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le Conseil constitutionnel, dans sa d\u00e9cision du 6 avril 2023 rendue publique le 7 avril, a \u00e9t\u00e9 saisi par la Commission nationale des comptes de campagne. 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