{"id":656359,"date":"2026-04-23T07:12:45","date_gmt":"2026-04-23T05:12:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-creteil-le-30-septembre-2025-n25-02938-2\/"},"modified":"2026-04-23T07:12:45","modified_gmt":"2026-04-23T05:12:45","slug":"tribunal-judiciaire-de-creteil-le-30-septembre-2025-n25-02938-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/pt-pt\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-creteil-le-30-septembre-2025-n25-02938-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Tribunal judiciaire de Cr\u00e9teil, le 30 septembre 2025, n\u00b025\/02938"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Le tribunal judiciaire, statuant le trente septembre 2025, examine une demande de r\u00e9solution d’un contrat de pr\u00eat immobilier. L’\u00e9tablissement pr\u00eateur invoque l’inex\u00e9cution par les emprunteurs, demeur\u00e9s absents \u00e0 l’instance. La juridiction prononce la r\u00e9solution du contrat et condamne les d\u00e9biteurs au paiement du capital restant d\u00fb et d’une indemnit\u00e9 forfaitaire. Elle rappelle les principes proc\u00e9duraux applicables en cas de d\u00e9faut de comparution.<\/p>\n

La qualification de l’inex\u00e9cution contractuelle<\/p>\n

La caract\u00e9risation d’une inex\u00e9cution suffisamment grave.<\/p>\n

Le juge fonde sa d\u00e9cision sur la violation d’une obligation essentielle du contrat de pr\u00eat. Il constate que les emprunteurs “ont cess\u00e9 de proc\u00e9der au paiement des mensualit\u00e9s du pr\u00eat \u00e0 compter du mois d\u2019octobre 2023” (Sur les demandes principales, 1). Ce manquement, d’une dur\u00e9e de dix-huit mois, est qualifi\u00e9 de suffisamment grave pour justifier la r\u00e9solution. Cette appr\u00e9ciation in concreto du comportement du d\u00e9biteur est constante. Un autre tribunal a ainsi retenu qu’un “d\u00e9faut de paiement pendant plusieurs mois caract\u00e9rise un manquement contractuel suffisamment grave” (Tribunal judiciaire de Marseille, le 9 d\u00e9cembre 2025, n\u00b025\/01452). La gravit\u00e9 s’appr\u00e9cie donc par la dur\u00e9e et l’impact sur l’\u00e9conomie du contrat.<\/p>\n

Les effets proc\u00e9duraux de l’absence des d\u00e9fendeurs.<\/p>\n

La d\u00e9cision est rendue par d\u00e9faut, ce qui n’emp\u00eache pas un examen au fond des pr\u00e9tentions. Le tribunal applique l’article 472 du Code de proc\u00e9dure civile, selon lequel il “ne fait droit \u00e0 la demande que dans la mesure o\u00f9 il l’estime r\u00e9guli\u00e8re, recevable et bien fond\u00e9e” (Sur l\u2019absence du d\u00e9fendeur). Cette proc\u00e9dure garantit les droits de la d\u00e9fense tout en \u00e9vitant la carence. L’absence des emprunteurs a pour cons\u00e9quence directe de renverser la charge de la preuve sur le paiement. Puisqu’ils “n\u2019apportent pas la preuve qu\u2019ils se sont lib\u00e9r\u00e9s de leur dette”, la cr\u00e9ance est tenue pour \u00e9tablie (Sur les demandes principales, 2). L’absence \u00e9quivaut ainsi \u00e0 une reconnaissance implicite des faits all\u00e9gu\u00e9s.<\/p>\n

Les cons\u00e9quences financi\u00e8res de la r\u00e9solution<\/p>\n

Le calcul des sommes dues apr\u00e8s la rupture.<\/p>\n

La r\u00e9solution judiciaire produit ses effets \u00e0 la date de l’assignation, conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 l’article 1224 du Code civil. Le juge ordonne le remboursement imm\u00e9diat du “capital restant d\u00fb pour un montant de 322 547,69 \u20ac” assorti des int\u00e9r\u00eats au taux conventionnel (Sur les demandes principales, 2). Cette condamnation s’accompagne du paiement d’une indemnit\u00e9 forfaitaire de sept pour cent, pr\u00e9vue par l’article L. 313-51 du Code de la consommation. Le montant est fix\u00e9 \u00e0 22 578,33 \u20ac, le juge estimant qu’il n’est ni manifestement excessif ni d\u00e9risoire au sens de l’article 1231-5 du Code civil. Cette indemnit\u00e9 vise \u00e0 compenser les frais li\u00e9s au recouvrement.<\/p>\n

La mise en \u0153uvre des principes g\u00e9n\u00e9raux du droit des contrats.<\/p>\n

La d\u00e9cision illustre l’application combin\u00e9e du droit commun et du droit de la consommation. Le juge rappelle que les contrats “doivent \u00eatre n\u00e9goci\u00e9s, form\u00e9s et ex\u00e9cut\u00e9s de bonne foi” (Sur les demandes principales, 1). L’inex\u00e9cution prolong\u00e9e constitue une violation de ce principe. Par ailleurs, la solution est conforme \u00e0 une jurisprudence constante sur la gravit\u00e9 du d\u00e9faut de paiement. Un autre tribunal a jug\u00e9 que “l’inex\u00e9cution par [l’emprunteur] de ses obligations est suffisamment grave et justifie le prononc\u00e9 de la r\u00e9siliation” (Tribunal judiciaire de Dax, le 5 d\u00e9cembre 2025, n\u00b024\/01007). La d\u00e9cision renforce ainsi la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 juridique des \u00e9tablissements pr\u00eateurs face \u00e0 un d\u00e9biteur d\u00e9faillant.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le tribunal judiciaire, statuant le trente septembre 2025, examine une demande de r\u00e9solution d’un contrat de pr\u00eat immobilier. 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