{"id":656765,"date":"2026-04-23T07:52:44","date_gmt":"2026-04-23T05:52:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-lyon-le-30-septembre-2025-n24-07046\/"},"modified":"2026-04-23T07:52:44","modified_gmt":"2026-04-23T05:52:44","slug":"tribunal-judiciaire-de-lyon-le-30-septembre-2025-n24-07046","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/pt-pt\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-lyon-le-30-septembre-2025-n24-07046\/","title":{"rendered":"Tribunal judiciaire de Lyon, le 30 septembre 2025, n\u00b024\/07046"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Le Tribunal judiciaire de Lyon, statuant le 30 septembre 2025, a examin\u00e9 une demande en indemnisation. Un ancien locataire assignait son bailleur social et une caisse d’assurance maladie. Il invoquait des manquements \u00e0 l’obligation de d\u00e9livrer un logement d\u00e9cent suite \u00e0 un accident corporel. Le bailleur soulevait des fins de non-recevoir pour d\u00e9faut d’int\u00e9r\u00eat \u00e0 agir et prescription. Le juge de la mise en \u00e9tat a rejet\u00e9 le premier moyen mais a partiellement accueilli le second. Il a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 prescrite la demande fond\u00e9e sur l’obligation de bonne foi. Il a en revanche jug\u00e9 recevables les demandes indemnitaires pour pr\u00e9judice corporel li\u00e9 \u00e0 l’aggravation.<\/p>\n

La distinction entre int\u00e9r\u00eat \u00e0 agir et bien-fond\u00e9 de l’action<\/p>\n

Le juge \u00e9carte la fin de non-recevoir tir\u00e9e d’un pr\u00e9tendu d\u00e9faut d’int\u00e9r\u00eat \u00e0 agir. Le bailleur soutenait que le locataire ne prouvait pas les manquements invoqu\u00e9s. Il arguait aussi d’une indemnisation partielle par un assureur priv\u00e9. Le tribunal rappelle la nature autonome de l’int\u00e9r\u00eat \u00e0 agir. “L’int\u00e9r\u00eat \u00e0 agir n’est pas subordonn\u00e9 \u00e0 la d\u00e9monstration pr\u00e9alable du bien fond\u00e9 de l’action” (Motifs). Ce moyen est donc rejet\u00e9 sans examen du fond des pr\u00e9tentions. Cette solution est conforme \u00e0 la jurisprudence constante sur la notion d’int\u00e9r\u00eat. “La cour pr\u00e9cise que l’int\u00e9r\u00eat \u00e0 agir n’est pas subordonn\u00e9 \u00e0 la d\u00e9monstration pr\u00e9alable du bien-fond\u00e9 de l’action” (Cour d’appel de Besan\u00e7on, le 17 avril 2025, n\u00b024\/01313). Elle rappelle que l’int\u00e9r\u00eat est une condition de recevabilit\u00e9 distincte du succ\u00e8s. La d\u00e9monstration d’une faute et d’un pr\u00e9judice rel\u00e8ve du fond du droit. Cette distinction prot\u00e8ge le droit d’acc\u00e8s au juge pour toute partie l\u00e9s\u00e9e. Elle \u00e9vite un examen pr\u00e9matur\u00e9 du bien-fond\u00e9 lors de la phase proc\u00e9durale.<\/p>\n

La d\u00e9termination du d\u00e9lai de prescription applicable<\/p>\n

Le tribunal op\u00e8re un tri minutieux des fondements juridiques invoqu\u00e9s. Il applique \u00e0 chaque chef de demande le d\u00e9lai de prescription correspondant. La demande au titre de l’obligation de bonne foi est analys\u00e9e comme contractuelle. Elle d\u00e9coule directement des obligations n\u00e9es du contrat de bail. Le juge lui applique donc le d\u00e9lai de prescription triennal de l’article 7-1 de la loi de 1989. “Selon l’article 7-1 de la loi du 6 juillet 1989 dispose que \u201cToutes [les] actions d\u00e9rivant d’un contrat de bail sont prescrites par trois ans” (Tribunal judiciaire de Paris, le 10 f\u00e9vrier 2025, n\u00b024\/03363). Le point de d\u00e9part court de la connaissance des manquements, ici la date de l’accident. Les demandes pour perte de chance et pr\u00e9judices d’agr\u00e9ment et moral sont requalifi\u00e9es. Le juge y voit une action en r\u00e9paration d’un pr\u00e9judice corporel. Elles rel\u00e8vent donc de la prescription d\u00e9cennale de l’article 2226 du code civil. Cette analyse fine permet d’individualiser le r\u00e9gime juridique de chaque pr\u00e9tention. Elle assure une application pr\u00e9cise et juste des d\u00e9lais extinctifs.<\/p>\n

La qualification des pr\u00e9judices et le point de d\u00e9part de la prescription<\/p>\n

L’ordonnance d\u00e9termine le point de d\u00e9part du d\u00e9lai pour chaque pr\u00e9judice. Pour l’action contractuelle, le d\u00e9lai court de la connaissance du manquement. La connaissance de l’absence de chauffage \u00e9tait acquise d\u00e8s l’entr\u00e9e dans les lieux. Le d\u00e9lai de trois ans \u00e9tait donc expir\u00e9 bien avant l’assignation de 2024. Pour les pr\u00e9judices corporels, le point de d\u00e9part est la date de consolidation m\u00e9dico-l\u00e9gale. Une expertise de 2014 avait fix\u00e9 la consolidation du dommage initial en juillet 2013. La prescription d\u00e9cennale pour ce chef \u00e9tait donc acquise en juillet 2023. En revanche, une expertise de 2018 a fix\u00e9 la consolidation de l’aggravation en d\u00e9cembre 2016. La prescription pour l’aggravation n’\u00e9tait pas acquise en septembre 2024. Le juge d\u00e9clare donc prescrite la demande relative au dommage initial. Il admet la recevabilit\u00e9 des demandes pour les pr\u00e9judices li\u00e9s \u00e0 l’aggravation. Cette distinction entre dommage initial et aggrav\u00e9 est essentielle en mati\u00e8re corporelle. Elle permet une indemnisation adapt\u00e9e \u00e0 l’\u00e9volution de l’\u00e9tat de la victime.<\/p>\n

La port\u00e9e de la d\u00e9cision pour le contentieux locatif et corporel<\/p>\n

Cette ordonnance clarifie le r\u00e9gime des prescriptions en mati\u00e8re mixte. Elle rappelle que la qualification des pr\u00e9judices d\u00e9termine le d\u00e9lai applicable. Une action en responsabilit\u00e9 contractuelle du bailleur se prescrit par trois ans. Une action en r\u00e9paration d’un pr\u00e9judice corporel suit le d\u00e9lai d\u00e9cennal. La recevabilit\u00e9 de l’action en indemnisation d\u00e9pend de cette qualification pr\u00e9alable. La d\u00e9cision illustre aussi l’importance de la date de consolidation m\u00e9dico-l\u00e9gale. Cette date constitue le point de d\u00e9part unique de la prescription d\u00e9cennale. Elle n’est pas affect\u00e9e par des proc\u00e9dures ant\u00e9rieures sur un autre fondement. L’instance en r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9 engag\u00e9e en 2018 concernait uniquement les relations contractuelles. Elle n’a donc pas interrompu la prescription de l’action indemnitaire corporelle. Enfin, le juge \u00e9carte toute comp\u00e9tence du juge des contentieux de la protection. Les demandes indemnitaires exc\u00e8dent le cadre de ce contentieux sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9. Cette d\u00e9cision guide les praticiens dans le choix des fondements et des juridictions.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le Tribunal judiciaire de Lyon, statuant le 30 septembre 2025, a examin\u00e9 une demande en indemnisation. Un ancien locataire assignait son bailleur social et u…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":232070755,"featured_media":9700,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_kj_source_type":"judilibre","_kj_official_id":"68e40770681ed727f2a423c4","_kj_official_url":"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/68e40770681ed727f2a423c4","_kj_judilibre_id":"68e40770681ed727f2a423c4","_kj_jur":"Tribunal judiciaire","_kj_lieu":"Tribunal judiciaire de Lyon","_kj_chambre":"Quatri\u00e8me Chambre","_kj_rg":"24\/07046","_kj_date":"2025-09-30","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[7597],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-656765","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jurisprudence"],"yoast_head":"\nTribunal judiciaire de Lyon, le 30 septembre 2025, n\u00b024\/07046 - Ma\u00eetre Hassan Kohen, avocat en droit p\u00e9nal \u00e0 Paris<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le Tribunal judiciaire de Lyon, statuant le 30 septembre 2025, a examin\u00e9 une demande en indemnisation. 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Des propri\u00e9taires demandaient la cessation de troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 des...","rel":"","context":"In "D\u00e9cisions juridiques"","block_context":{"text":"D\u00e9cisions juridiques","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/category\/decisions-juridiques\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kohenavocats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/ty-koh-DUkZUi8pMDE-unsplash.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kohenavocats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/ty-koh-DUkZUi8pMDE-unsplash.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kohenavocats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/ty-koh-DUkZUi8pMDE-unsplash.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kohenavocats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/ty-koh-DUkZUi8pMDE-unsplash.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kohenavocats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/ty-koh-DUkZUi8pMDE-unsplash.webp?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kohenavocats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/ty-koh-DUkZUi8pMDE-unsplash.webp?resize=1400%2C800&ssl=1 4x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/656765","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/232070755"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=656765"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/656765\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9700"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=656765"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=656765"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=656765"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}