{"id":662217,"date":"2026-04-23T18:53:41","date_gmt":"2026-04-23T16:53:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-montpellier-le-12-juin-2025-n24-01266\/"},"modified":"2026-04-23T18:53:41","modified_gmt":"2026-04-23T16:53:41","slug":"tribunal-judiciaire-de-montpellier-le-12-juin-2025-n24-01266","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/pt-pt\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-montpellier-le-12-juin-2025-n24-01266\/","title":{"rendered":"Tribunal judiciaire de Montpellier, le 12 juin 2025, n\u00b024\/01266"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Le tribunal judiciaire de Montpellier, le 12 juin 2025, a statu\u00e9 sur un litige n\u00e9 d’un contrat de location longue dur\u00e9e. Suite \u00e0 des impay\u00e9s, la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 financi\u00e8re a r\u00e9sili\u00e9 le contrat et a demand\u00e9 le paiement des sommes dues ainsi que la restitution du v\u00e9hicule. Les locataires ont invoqu\u00e9 un manquement au devoir de conseil et ont sollicit\u00e9 des d\u00e9lais de paiement. Le juge a accueilli la demande principale de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 tout en accordant aux locataires un \u00e9chelonnement de leur dette sur douze mois.<\/p>\n

La force obligatoire du contrat et l’absence de manquement au devoir de conseil<\/p>\n

Le juge rappelle d’abord le principe cardinal de la force obligatoire des conventions. Il applique l’article 1103 du code civil qui dispose que “les contrats l\u00e9galement form\u00e9s tiennent lieu de loi \u00e0 ceux qui les ont faits”. L’examen des pi\u00e8ces d\u00e9montre que le contrat a \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement conclu. Le tribunal \u00e9carte ainsi l’argument des locataires concernant un \u00e9ventuel manquement au devoir de conseil de la part de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 financi\u00e8re. Cette analyse consacre la primaut\u00e9 de la volont\u00e9 des parties et la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 des transactions. Elle limite les possibilit\u00e9s pour un d\u00e9biteur de se soustraire \u00e0 ses obligations en invoquant des vices extra-contractuels non \u00e9tablis.<\/p>\n

La sanction du d\u00e9faut de paiement et la restitution du bien financ\u00e9<\/p>\n

La violation des obligations contractuelles par les locataires entra\u00eene des cons\u00e9quences pr\u00e9cises. Le juge constate que des loyers sont demeur\u00e9s impay\u00e9s et qu’une mise en demeure est rest\u00e9e sans effet. Il fait donc droit aux demandes de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 en condamnant les locataires au paiement de la somme due. Conform\u00e9ment au contrat, il ordonne \u00e9galement la restitution du v\u00e9hicule objet du financement. Cette solution illustre le r\u00e9gime classique de l’inex\u00e9cution contractuelle en mati\u00e8re de cr\u00e9dit-bail. Elle assure au cr\u00e9ancier le recouvrement de sa cr\u00e9ance et la reprise du bien qui garantissait l’op\u00e9ration.<\/p>\n

Le pouvoir d’am\u00e9nagement des conditions de paiement au b\u00e9n\u00e9fice du d\u00e9biteur<\/p>\n

Le juge utilise ensuite son pouvoir d’appr\u00e9ciation pour am\u00e9nager les conditions de recouvrement. Il se fonde sur l’article 1343-5 du code civil qui pr\u00e9voit que “le juge peut, compte tenu de la situation du d\u00e9biteur et en consid\u00e9ration des besoins du cr\u00e9ancier, reporter ou \u00e9chelonner, dans la limite de deux ann\u00e9es, le paiement des sommes dues”. Une jurisprudence r\u00e9idente confirme cette disposition en indiquant qu'”il r\u00e9sulte des dispositions de l’article 1343-5 du Code civil que le juge peut, compte tenu de la situation du d\u00e9biteur et en consid\u00e9ration des besoins du cr\u00e9ancier, reporter ou \u00e9chelonner, dans la limite de deux ann\u00e9es, le paiement des sommes dues” (Tribunal judiciaire de Montpellier, le 12 juin 2025, n\u00b025\/00788). Ce pouvoir discr\u00e9tionnaire permet d’adapter l’ex\u00e9cution aux capacit\u00e9s du d\u00e9biteur.<\/p>\n

L’application concr\u00e8te des d\u00e9lais de paiement et ses effets suspensifs<\/p>\n

Le tribunal met en \u0153uvre ce pouvoir en accordant un \u00e9chelonnement sur douze mois. Il d\u00e9taille pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment les modalit\u00e9s de paiement dans le dispositif de sa d\u00e9cision. Le juge assortit cette mesure d’une clause de d\u00e9ch\u00e9ance du terme en cas de d\u00e9faut de paiement d’une seule \u00e9ch\u00e9ance. Cette d\u00e9cision suspend les proc\u00e9dures d’ex\u00e9cution engag\u00e9es par le cr\u00e9ancier, conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 l’article 1343-5. Elle illustre la conciliation op\u00e9r\u00e9e entre le droit au recouvrement du cr\u00e9ancier et la protection du d\u00e9biteur en difficult\u00e9. L’\u00e9quilibre trouv\u00e9 \u00e9vite une ex\u00e9cution forc\u00e9e imm\u00e9diate tout en garantissant le recouvrement final de la cr\u00e9ance.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le tribunal judiciaire de Montpellier, le 12 juin 2025, a statu\u00e9 sur un litige n\u00e9 d’un contrat de location longue dur\u00e9e. Suite \u00e0 des impay\u00e9s, la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 fina…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":232070755,"featured_media":9625,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_kj_source_type":"judilibre","_kj_official_id":"68d59b4e876d446c8f4986b7","_kj_official_url":"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/68d59b4e876d446c8f4986b7","_kj_judilibre_id":"68d59b4e876d446c8f4986b7","_kj_jur":"Tribunal judiciaire","_kj_lieu":"Tribunal judiciaire de Carpentras","_kj_chambre":"CONT INF 10000 EUROS -JCP","_kj_rg":"24\/01266","_kj_date":"2025-09-25","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[7597],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-662217","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jurisprudence"],"yoast_head":"\nTribunal judiciaire de Montpellier, le 12 juin 2025, n\u00b024\/01266 - Ma\u00eetre Hassan Kohen, avocat en droit p\u00e9nal \u00e0 Paris<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le tribunal judiciaire de Montpellier, le 12 juin 2025, a statu\u00e9 sur un litige n\u00e9 d'un contrat de location longue dur\u00e9e. 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