{"id":666954,"date":"2026-04-24T02:29:52","date_gmt":"2026-04-24T00:29:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-creteil-le-23-septembre-2025-n25-00828-2\/"},"modified":"2026-04-24T02:29:52","modified_gmt":"2026-04-24T00:29:52","slug":"tribunal-judiciaire-de-creteil-le-23-septembre-2025-n25-00828-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/pt-pt\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-creteil-le-23-septembre-2025-n25-00828-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Tribunal judiciaire de Cr\u00e9teil, le 23 septembre 2025, n\u00b025\/00828"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Le tribunal judiciaire, statuant en r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9 le 23 septembre 2025, a \u00e9t\u00e9 saisi par les proches d’une victime d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9e imm\u00e9diatement apr\u00e8s un accident. Ils sollicitaient une expertise et des provisions. Le juge a rejet\u00e9 la demande d’expertise concernant le pr\u00e9judice de la victime directe. Il a en revanche accord\u00e9 des indemnit\u00e9s provisionnelles aux victimes indirectes, estimant l’obligation de l’auteur et de son assureur non s\u00e9rieusement contestable.<\/p>\n

Le rejet motiv\u00e9 de la mesure d’instruction in futurum<\/p>\n

La recevabilit\u00e9 conditionnelle de l’expertise pr\u00e9alable. Le juge rappelle les conditions strictes de l’article 145 du code de proc\u00e9dure civile. La mesure doit viser \u00e0 \u00e9tablir des faits d\u00e9terminants pour un litige futur et cr\u00e9dibles. “Si le demandeur \u00e0 la mesure d’instruction n’a pas \u00e0 d\u00e9montrer l’existence des faits qu’il invoque puisque cette mesure in futurum est justement destin\u00e9e \u00e0 les \u00e9tablir, il doit n\u00e9anmoins justifier d’\u00e9l\u00e9ments rendant cr\u00e9dibles ses all\u00e9gations” (Motifs de la d\u00e9cision). Cette exigence de vraisemblance initiale prot\u00e8ge contre les demandes dilatoires ou sp\u00e9culatives. Elle pr\u00e9serve ainsi l’\u00e9quilibre proc\u00e9dural entre les parties en r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9.<\/p>\n

L’absence manifeste de fondement du pr\u00e9judice all\u00e9gu\u00e9. Le juge applique ces principes au cas d’une victime d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9e sur le coup. Il d\u00e9finit le pr\u00e9judice d’angoisse comme “un pr\u00e9judice situationnel qui ne peut exister que si la victime est consciente de son \u00e9tat” (Motifs de la d\u00e9cision). La conscience du p\u00e9ril mortel est donc un \u00e9l\u00e9ment constitutif essentiel. En l’absence de cet \u00e9l\u00e9ment, l’action est “manifestement vou\u00e9e \u00e0 l’\u00e9chec”. Cette analyse rejoint la jurisprudence qui exige une conscience claire de la mort imminente. “Le pr\u00e9judice de mort imminente consiste pour la victime d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9e \u00e0 avoir eu conscience entre la survenance de l\u2019accident et sa mort de la gravit\u00e9 de son \u00e9tat” (Tribunal judiciaire de Bordeaux, le 11 juillet 2025, n\u00b024\/00095). La d\u00e9cision \u00e9carte donc toute expertise inutile sur ce point.<\/p>\n

L’octroi diff\u00e9renci\u00e9 des provisions sur pr\u00e9judices par ricochet<\/p>\n

Le fondement l\u00e9gal d’une obligation non s\u00e9rieusement contestable. Pour les victimes indirectes, le juge applique l’article 835 alin\u00e9a 2 du code de proc\u00e9dure civile. Leur droit \u00e0 r\u00e9paration d\u00e9coule directement de la faute \u00e9tablie de l’auteur de l’accident. La circonstance que la victime \u00e9tait sur un passage pi\u00e9ton rend cette obligation \u00e9vidente. Le caract\u00e8re non s\u00e9rieusement contestable justifie ainsi l’intervention du juge des r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9s. Cette proc\u00e9dure rapide permet une r\u00e9paration anticip\u00e9e sans attendre l’issue d’une instance au fond. Elle r\u00e9pond \u00e0 un imp\u00e9ratif d’\u00e9quit\u00e9 envers des proches endeuill\u00e9s.<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9valuation provisionnelle et la modulation des montants. Le juge op\u00e8re une pond\u00e9ration entre les demandes des victimes et les offres de l’assureur. Il retient des montants interm\u00e9diaires, sup\u00e9rieurs aux offres pour la fille et les parents. Cette modulation discr\u00e9tionnaire tient compte des “liens et alliance” et des “circonstances de l’accident”. Elle r\u00e9v\u00e8le une appr\u00e9ciation in concreto des pr\u00e9judices d’affection. La compagne et la fille obtiennent ainsi des provisions identiques et significatives. Les parents re\u00e7oivent des sommes inf\u00e9rieures mais notablement rehauss\u00e9es par rapport aux offres initiales. Cette d\u00e9cision provisionnelle n’emp\u00eache pas une indemnisation d\u00e9finitive ult\u00e9rieure plus compl\u00e8te.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le tribunal judiciaire, statuant en r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9 le 23 septembre 2025, a \u00e9t\u00e9 saisi par les proches d’une victime d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9e imm\u00e9diatement apr\u00e8s un accident. Ils solli…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":232070755,"featured_media":9460,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_kj_source_type":"judilibre","_kj_official_id":"68d2ef9b69293f91fcc740a3","_kj_official_url":"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/68d2ef9b69293f91fcc740a3","_kj_judilibre_id":"68d2ef9b69293f91fcc740a3","_kj_jur":"Tribunal judiciaire","_kj_lieu":"Tribunal judiciaire de Cr\u00e9teil","_kj_chambre":"Section des R\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9s","_kj_rg":"25\/00828","_kj_date":"2025-09-23","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[7597],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-666954","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jurisprudence"],"yoast_head":"\nTribunal judiciaire de Cr\u00e9teil, le 23 septembre 2025, n\u00b025\/00828 - Ma\u00eetre Hassan Kohen, avocat en droit p\u00e9nal \u00e0 Paris<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le tribunal judiciaire, statuant en r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9 le 23 septembre 2025, a \u00e9t\u00e9 saisi par les proches d'une victime d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9e imm\u00e9diatement apr\u00e8s un accident. 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