{"id":686246,"date":"2026-04-25T21:25:06","date_gmt":"2026-04-25T19:25:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/cour-dappel-de-lyon-le-2-juillet-2025-n24-02356\/"},"modified":"2026-04-25T21:25:06","modified_gmt":"2026-04-25T19:25:06","slug":"cour-dappel-de-lyon-le-2-juillet-2025-n24-02356","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/pt-pt\/cour-dappel-de-lyon-le-2-juillet-2025-n24-02356\/","title":{"rendered":"Cour d’appel de Lyon, le 2 juillet 2025, n\u00b024\/02356"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Par un arr\u00eat du 2 juillet 2025, la Cour d’appel de Lyon (8e chambre) pr\u00e9cise les effets d’un d\u00e9sistement d’appel dans un litige de bail commercial. La d\u00e9cision intervient apr\u00e8s une ordonnance de r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9 constatant la r\u00e9siliation du bail au 12 mai 2023, condamnant le preneur au paiement de provisions, autorisant l\u2019expulsion et fixant une indemnit\u00e9 d\u2019occupation.<\/p>\n

L\u2019appel a \u00e9t\u00e9 interjet\u00e9 le 19 mars 2024 sous le r\u00e9gime des articles 905 et suivants. L\u2019ex\u00e9cution provisoire a \u00e9t\u00e9 suspendue par la d\u00e9l\u00e9gu\u00e9e du premier pr\u00e9sident le 24 juin 2024. Devant la juridiction d\u2019appel, l\u2019appelante s\u2019est d\u00e9sist\u00e9e d\u2019instance et d\u2019action; l\u2019intim\u00e9e a accept\u00e9 ce d\u00e9sistement, et les parties ont sollicit\u00e9 de supporter chacune leurs frais irr\u00e9p\u00e9tibles et d\u00e9pens.<\/p>\n

La question portait sur le r\u00e9gime du d\u00e9sistement d\u2019appel au regard des articles 401, 403 et 405 du code de proc\u00e9dure civile, ses conditions d\u2019acceptation, son effet d\u2019acquiescement au premier titre, ainsi que la r\u00e9partition des frais en pr\u00e9sence d\u2019un accord. La cour \u00e9nonce que \u00ab En vertu des articles 401 et 403 du Code de proc\u00e9dure civile, le d\u00e9sistement de l’appel emporte acquiescement au jugement et il n’a besoin d’\u00eatre accept\u00e9 que s’il contient des r\u00e9serves ou si la partie \u00e0 l’\u00e9gard de laquelle il est fait a pr\u00e9alablement form\u00e9 un appel incident ou une demande \u00bb. Elle retient en outre, s\u2019agissant des frais, que \u00ab En application de l’article 399 auquel renvoie l’article 405, et \u00e9tant rappel\u00e9 que ce texte r\u00e9serve l’hypoth\u00e8se d’un accord des parties, il y a lieu de constater un tel accord en vertu duquel elle d\u00e9clare faire leur affaire personnelle de leurs frais irr\u00e9p\u00e9tibles et d\u00e9pens. \u00bb<\/p>\n

I. Le r\u00e9gime du d\u00e9sistement d\u2019appel<\/p>\n

A. Acceptation exig\u00e9e et champ des articles 401 et 403 CPC<\/p>\n

La cour rappelle le principe, selon lequel le d\u00e9sistement d\u2019appel \u00ab emporte acquiescement au jugement \u00bb et \u00ab n\u2019a besoin d\u2019\u00eatre accept\u00e9 \u00bb que dans les hypoth\u00e8ses limitativement vis\u00e9es. Le texte organise une \u00e9conomie de proc\u00e9dure, en \u00e9cartant l\u2019exigence d\u2019un accord lorsque l\u2019acte n\u2019est grev\u00e9 d\u2019aucune r\u00e9serve et qu\u2019aucune voie incidente n\u2019a \u00e9t\u00e9 form\u00e9e.<\/p>\n

En l\u2019esp\u00e8ce, l\u2019intim\u00e9e a accept\u00e9 le d\u00e9sistement et renonc\u00e9 \u00e0 ses demandes, ce qui conf\u00e8re \u00e0 l\u2019acte un caract\u00e8re parfait. La juridiction v\u00e9rifie la conformit\u00e9 de l\u2019acte aux conditions textuelles, le qualifie comme d\u00e9sistement de l\u2019appel, et en d\u00e9duit l\u2019extinction du litige au stade de l\u2019instance d\u2019appel, sans porter atteinte \u00e0 la coh\u00e9rence du dispositif initial.<\/p>\n

B. Effets du d\u00e9sistement d\u2019appel: acquiescement et stabilit\u00e9 du titre<\/p>\n

L\u2019effet attach\u00e9 par la loi \u00e0 ce d\u00e9sistement est l\u2019acquiescement au jugement d\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9. Le dispositif retient express\u00e9ment: \u00ab Rappelle que ce d\u00e9sistement emporte acquiescement \u00e0 l’ordonnance de r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9 rendue le 11 septembre 2023 par le Pr\u00e9sident du Tribunal Judiciaire, \u00bb. L\u2019acquiescement consacre la force du premier titre et scelle la solution retenue en r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9, qui retrouve sa pleine efficacit\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019issue de l\u2019extinction de l\u2019instance d\u2019appel.<\/p>\n

La mention par l\u2019appelante d\u2019un d\u00e9sistement d\u2019instance et d\u2019action n\u2019alt\u00e8re pas cette qualification. \u00c0 ce stade proc\u00e9dural, la cour rattache l\u2019acte \u00e0 son r\u00e9gime propre, celui du d\u00e9sistement de l\u2019appel, seul pertinent pour clore l\u2019instance d\u2019appel et produire l\u2019acquiescement au sens de l\u2019article 403, sans ouvrir de d\u00e9bat superf\u00e9tatoire sur la renonciation au fond.<\/p>\n

II. Les cons\u00e9quences proc\u00e9durales et la r\u00e9partition des frais<\/p>\n

A. Dessaisissement de la juridiction et extinction de l\u2019instance d\u2019appel<\/p>\n

Le d\u00e9sistement parfait dessaisit la cour et \u00e9teint l\u2019instance d\u2019appel. La solution met fin \u00e0 la proc\u00e9dure engag\u00e9e dans le cadre des articles 905 et suivants, et rend sans objet les mesures provisoires qui affectaient l\u2019ex\u00e9cution, y compris la suspension ant\u00e9rieure. L\u2019\u00e9quilibre proc\u00e9dural est r\u00e9tabli par l\u2019autorit\u00e9 attach\u00e9e au premier titre, \u00e0 raison de l\u2019acquiescement qui proc\u00e8de de la loi.<\/p>\n

Cette issue favorise l\u2019\u00e9conomie des moyens et la c\u00e9l\u00e9rit\u00e9, en \u00e9vitant un examen au fond devenu inutile du fait de la renonciation en cause d\u2019appel. La s\u00e9curit\u00e9 juridique en sort renforc\u00e9e, d\u00e8s lors que la port\u00e9e du premier titre est fix\u00e9e sans ambigu\u00eft\u00e9.<\/p>\n

B. Frais, d\u00e9pens et accord des parties au regard des articles 399 et 405 CPC<\/p>\n

La cour se fonde sur la r\u00e8gle de principe et sa r\u00e9serve. Elle motive ainsi: \u00ab En application de l’article 399 auquel renvoie l’article 405, et \u00e9tant rappel\u00e9 que ce texte r\u00e9serve l’hypoth\u00e8se d’un accord des parties, il y a lieu de constater un tel accord en vertu duquel elle d\u00e9clare faire leur affaire personnelle de leurs frais irr\u00e9p\u00e9tibles et d\u00e9pens. \u00bb Le texte admet une convention proc\u00e9durale sur les frais, qui prime la r\u00e9partition de droit commun.<\/p>\n

Le dispositif en tire la cons\u00e9quence normative et pratique, en affirmant: \u00ab Dit qu’en vertu de l’accord des parties, elles feront leur affaire personnelle des frais irr\u00e9p\u00e9tibles et des d\u00e9pens. \u00bb La solution respecte le cadre l\u00e9gal, valorise l\u2019autonomie des parties, et limite les co\u00fbts r\u00e9siduels de la proc\u00e9dure. Elle s\u2019inscrit, enfin, dans une logique de pacification contentieuse coh\u00e9rente avec l\u2019extinction convenue de l\u2019instance d\u2019appel.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Par un arr\u00eat du 2 juillet 2025, la Cour d’appel de Lyon (8e chambre) pr\u00e9cise les effets d’un d\u00e9sistement d’appel dans un litige de bail commercial. La d\u00e9cisi…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":232070755,"featured_media":9601,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_kj_source_type":"judilibre","_kj_official_id":"6866137627f49a37ec714e04","_kj_official_url":"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/6866137627f49a37ec714e04","_kj_judilibre_id":"6866137627f49a37ec714e04","_kj_jur":"Cour d'appel","_kj_lieu":"Lyon","_kj_chambre":"8\u00e8me chambre","_kj_rg":"24\/02356","_kj_date":"2025-07-02","_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[7597],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-686246","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jurisprudence"],"yoast_head":"\nCour d'appel de Lyon, le 2 juillet 2025, n\u00b024\/02356 - Ma\u00eetre Hassan Kohen, avocat en droit p\u00e9nal \u00e0 Paris<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Par un arr\u00eat du 2 juillet 2025, la Cour d'appel de Lyon (8e chambre) pr\u00e9cise les effets d'un d\u00e9sistement d'appel dans un litige de bail commercial. 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