{"id":708846,"date":"2026-04-27T19:56:55","date_gmt":"2026-04-27T17:56:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-metz-le-16-decembre-2025-n25-00554\/"},"modified":"2026-04-27T19:56:55","modified_gmt":"2026-04-27T17:56:55","slug":"tribunal-judiciaire-de-metz-le-16-decembre-2025-n25-00554","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/pt-pt\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-metz-le-16-decembre-2025-n25-00554\/","title":{"rendered":"Tribunal judiciaire de Metz, le 16 d\u00e9cembre 2025, n\u00b025\/00554"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Le 16 d\u00e9cembre 2025, le juge des contentieux de la protection du tribunal judiciaire de Metz a rendu un jugement avant dire droit. Une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de cr\u00e9dit r\u00e9clamait le paiement de sommes dues au titre de trois pr\u00eats personnels consentis \u00e0 deux emprunteurs, lesquels n’ont pas comparu. La question centrale portait sur la r\u00e9gularit\u00e9 de la d\u00e9ch\u00e9ance du terme prononc\u00e9e par le pr\u00eateur.<\/p>\n

Le tribunal a ordonn\u00e9 la r\u00e9ouverture des d\u00e9bats pour permettre aux parties de pr\u00e9senter leurs observations sur plusieurs moyens soulev\u00e9s d’office. Il a notamment invit\u00e9 le pr\u00eateur \u00e0 pr\u00e9ciser le contrat de pr\u00eat concern\u00e9 par sa troisi\u00e8me demande, en raison d’une contradiction dans ses pi\u00e8ces.<\/p>\n

I. Le contr\u00f4le de la clause de d\u00e9ch\u00e9ance du terme<\/p>\n

Le juge a soulev\u00e9 d’office le caract\u00e8re potentiellement abusif de la clause de r\u00e9siliation. Il a estim\u00e9 que la clause stipulant la r\u00e9siliation de plein droit en cas de mensualit\u00e9s impay\u00e9es, sans pr\u00e9avis raisonnable, \u00e9tait suspecte. Il a cit\u00e9 la clause : “R\u00e9siliation par le Pr\u00eateur : le pr\u00eateur peut r\u00e9silier votre contrat de cr\u00e9dit en cas de plusieurs mensualit\u00e9s impay\u00e9es apr\u00e8s mise en demeure rest\u00e9e infructueuse. Dans ce cas, le pr\u00eateur exigera le remboursement imm\u00e9diat du capital restant d\u00fb, major\u00e9 des int\u00e9r\u00eats \u00e9chus mais non pay\u00e9s. (…)” (Motifs de la d\u00e9cision).<\/p>\n

La valeur de ce contr\u00f4le est d’appliquer la jurisprudence de la CJUE, qui impose au juge national d’examiner d’office le d\u00e9s\u00e9quilibre significatif. La port\u00e9e de cette d\u00e9cision est de subordonner la validit\u00e9 de la d\u00e9ch\u00e9ance du terme \u00e0 l’absence de caract\u00e8re abusif de la clause. Le juge refuse de statuer au fond avant que les parties n’aient d\u00e9battu de ce point.<\/p>\n

II. Le contr\u00f4le de la v\u00e9rification de solvabilit\u00e9<\/p>\n

Pour le second pr\u00eat, le tribunal a \u00e9galement soulev\u00e9 d’office la d\u00e9ch\u00e9ance du droit aux int\u00e9r\u00eats. Il a relev\u00e9 que le pr\u00eateur ne justifiait pas avoir v\u00e9rifi\u00e9 la solvabilit\u00e9 des emprunteurs par un nombre suffisant d’informations. Il s’est appuy\u00e9 sur la jurisprudence europ\u00e9enne exigeant des pi\u00e8ces justificatives au-del\u00e0 des seules d\u00e9clarations.<\/p>\n

La valeur de ce moyen est d’inciter le pr\u00eateur \u00e0 produire les justificatifs de solvabilit\u00e9 qu’il aurait d\u00fb recueillir. La port\u00e9e est potentiellement radicale : si la d\u00e9ch\u00e9ance du droit aux int\u00e9r\u00eats est confirm\u00e9e, la cr\u00e9ance du pr\u00eateur serait r\u00e9duite au seul capital restant d\u00fb. Le juge a donc ordonn\u00e9 la production d’un d\u00e9compte des versements effectu\u00e9s par l’emprunteur.<\/p>\n

En conclusion, cette d\u00e9cision illustre le r\u00f4le actif du juge dans la protection du consommateur, m\u00eame en l’absence de ce dernier. Le tribunal a report\u00e9 toute condamnation \u00e0 une audience ult\u00e9rieure, r\u00e9servant \u00e9galement les demandes accessoires.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le 16 d\u00e9cembre 2025, le juge des contentieux de la protection du tribunal judiciaire de Metz a rendu un jugement avant dire droit. Une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de cr\u00e9dit r\u00e9cl…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":232070755,"featured_media":9457,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_kj_source_type":"judilibre","_kj_official_id":"697ae835cdc6046d470d8613","_kj_official_url":"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/697ae835cdc6046d470d8613","_kj_judilibre_id":"697ae835cdc6046d470d8613","_kj_jur":"Tribunal judiciaire","_kj_lieu":"Tribunal judiciaire de Metz","_kj_chambre":"CH4 JCP FOND","_kj_rg":"25\/00554","_kj_date":"2025-12-16","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[7597],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-708846","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jurisprudence"],"yoast_head":"\nTribunal judiciaire de Metz, le 16 d\u00e9cembre 2025, n\u00b025\/00554 - Ma\u00eetre Hassan Kohen, avocat en droit p\u00e9nal \u00e0 Paris<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le 16 d\u00e9cembre 2025, le juge des contentieux de la protection du tribunal judiciaire de Metz a rendu un jugement avant dire droit. 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