{"id":752808,"date":"2026-04-29T13:02:46","date_gmt":"2026-04-29T11:02:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-paris-le-19-janvier-2026-n25-81779\/"},"modified":"2026-04-29T13:02:46","modified_gmt":"2026-04-29T11:02:46","slug":"tribunal-judiciaire-de-paris-le-19-janvier-2026-n25-81779","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/pt-pt\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-paris-le-19-janvier-2026-n25-81779\/","title":{"rendered":"Tribunal judiciaire de Paris, le 19 janvier 2026, n\u00b025\/81779"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

I. La r\u00e9gularit\u00e9 de l’acte introductif d’instance face \u00e0 l’exception de nullit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Le juge \u00e9carte la nullit\u00e9 de l’assignation en appliquant strictement le r\u00e9gime des vices de forme. Il consid\u00e8re que les irr\u00e9gularit\u00e9s all\u00e9gu\u00e9es ne sont pas sanctionn\u00e9es par une nullit\u00e9 textuelle et qu’aucun grief n’est d\u00e9montr\u00e9.<\/p>\n

A. L’absence de nullit\u00e9 pour d\u00e9faut de mention du commissaire de justice instrumentaire.<\/p>\n

Le juge rel\u00e8ve que la mention erron\u00e9e du commissaire de justice est sans incidence sur la validit\u00e9 de l’assignation. Il pr\u00e9cise qu’aucun texte n’impose la d\u00e9nonciation de la contestation dans le cadre d’une action contre un commandement aux fins de saisie-vente. Cette motivation, qui \u00e9carte l’application d’une formalit\u00e9 non pr\u00e9vue par la loi, est d’une grande rigueur proc\u00e9durale et conforme \u00e0 l’article 114 du code de proc\u00e9dure civile. La valeur de ce raisonnement est de rappeler que la nullit\u00e9 pour vice de forme est d’interpr\u00e9tation stricte et qu’elle ne peut r\u00e9sulter que de l’inobservation d’une formalit\u00e9 express\u00e9ment pr\u00e9vue par la loi. La port\u00e9e de cette solution est de s\u00e9curiser les actes de proc\u00e9dure en \u00e9vitant des annulations pour des motifs non pr\u00e9vus par les textes.<\/p>\n

B. L’absence de grief malgr\u00e9 l’erreur d’adresse et l’omission de la date du commandement.<\/p>\n

Le juge constate que le d\u00e9fendeur ne justifie d’aucun grief r\u00e9sultant de l’erreur d’adresse et de l’absence de pr\u00e9cision de la date du commandement. Il souligne que le cr\u00e9ancier a pu se pr\u00e9senter \u00e0 l’audience et pr\u00e9parer sa d\u00e9fense. Le juge applique ici la condition de grief pr\u00e9vue \u00e0 l’article 114 du code de proc\u00e9dure civile, m\u00eame pour une formalit\u00e9 substantielle. La valeur de ce contr\u00f4le est de subordonner la nullit\u00e9 \u00e0 la d\u00e9monstration d’un pr\u00e9judice concret, \u00e9vitant ainsi des annulations purement techniques. La port\u00e9e de cette d\u00e9cision est de renforcer l’exigence de loyaut\u00e9 proc\u00e9durale et d’emp\u00eacher qu’une partie ne se pr\u00e9vale d’une simple irr\u00e9gularit\u00e9 formelle pour paralyser l’instance.<\/p>\n

II. Le pouvoir du juge de l’ex\u00e9cution de fixer la cr\u00e9ance et d’accorder des d\u00e9lais de paiement.<\/p>\n

Le juge affirme sa comp\u00e9tence pour conna\u00eetre du montant de la cr\u00e9ance et pour accorder des d\u00e9lais de gr\u00e2ce au d\u00e9biteur de bonne foi. Il exerce pleinement ses pr\u00e9rogatives en contr\u00f4lant le montant du commandement et en am\u00e9nageant le paiement.<\/p>\n

A. La fixation de la cr\u00e9ance par cantonnement du commandement.<\/p>\n

Le juge d\u00e9clare recevable la demande de fixation de la cr\u00e9ance en raison de son incidence sur la proc\u00e9dure d’ex\u00e9cution. Il estime qu’une erreur sur le montant du commandement affecte sa port\u00e9e et qu’il appartient au juge de l’ex\u00e9cution de le cantonner. Le juge calcule ensuite le solde d\u00fb en d\u00e9duisant les versements post\u00e9rieurs \u00e0 la d\u00e9cision du b\u00e2tonnier. Il fixe la cr\u00e9ance en principal \u00e0 2.200 euros, et non 2.300 euros comme mentionn\u00e9 dans le commandement. La valeur de ce contr\u00f4le est de garantir l’exactitude de la cr\u00e9ance poursuivie, \u00e9vitant une ex\u00e9cution forc\u00e9e sur un montant erron\u00e9. La port\u00e9e de cette d\u00e9cision est de rappeler que le juge de l’ex\u00e9cution est le gardien de la proportionnalit\u00e9 et de la l\u00e9galit\u00e9 des mesures d’ex\u00e9cution.<\/p>\n

B. L’octroi de d\u00e9lais de paiement au d\u00e9biteur de bonne foi.<\/p>\n

Le juge accorde des d\u00e9lais de paiement au d\u00e9biteur en application de l’article 1343-5 du code civil. Il constate la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 de ses difficult\u00e9s financi\u00e8res, son incapacit\u00e9 \u00e0 payer imm\u00e9diatement et les efforts d\u00e9j\u00e0 consentis par des versements r\u00e9guliers. Il rejette l’all\u00e9gation de mauvaise foi du cr\u00e9ancier, faute de preuve. Le juge am\u00e9nage un \u00e9ch\u00e9ancier sur dix mois, avec des mensualit\u00e9s de 200 euros. La valeur de ce raisonnement est de concilier les int\u00e9r\u00eats du cr\u00e9ancier avec la situation du d\u00e9biteur, en privil\u00e9giant un r\u00e8glement amiable plut\u00f4t qu’une vente forc\u00e9e. La port\u00e9e de cette solution est de montrer que le juge de l’ex\u00e9cution dispose d’un pouvoir d’\u00e9quit\u00e9 pour \u00e9viter la ruine d’un d\u00e9biteur de bonne foi, tout en assurant le paiement de la dette.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

I. La r\u00e9gularit\u00e9 de l’acte introductif d’instance face \u00e0 l’exception de nullit\u00e9.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":232070755,"featured_media":9679,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_kj_source_type":"judilibre","_kj_official_id":"696fd9d8cdc6046d4707d2de","_kj_official_url":"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/696fd9d8cdc6046d4707d2de","_kj_judilibre_id":"696fd9d8cdc6046d4707d2de","_kj_jur":"Tribunal judiciaire","_kj_lieu":"Paris","_kj_chambre":"JEX cab 1","_kj_rg":"25\/81779","_kj_date":"2026-01-19","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[7597],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-752808","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jurisprudence"],"yoast_head":"\nTribunal judiciaire de Paris, le 19 janvier 2026, n\u00b025\/81779 - Ma\u00eetre Hassan Kohen, avocat en droit p\u00e9nal \u00e0 Paris<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"I. 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