{"id":647556,"date":"2026-04-22T12:23:16","date_gmt":"2026-04-22T10:23:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-poitiers-le-3-octobre-2025-n24-00401\/"},"modified":"2026-04-22T12:23:16","modified_gmt":"2026-04-22T10:23:16","slug":"tribunal-judiciaire-de-poitiers-le-3-octobre-2025-n24-00401","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/ru\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-poitiers-le-3-octobre-2025-n24-00401\/","title":{"rendered":"Tribunal judiciaire de Poitiers, le 3 octobre 2025, n\u00b024\/00401"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Le juge des contentieux de la protection, statuant en premier ressort, rejette une demande de sursis \u00e0 statuer li\u00e9e \u00e0 une plainte p\u00e9nale. Il condamne ensuite des locataires d\u00e9faillants au paiement du solde d’un contrat de location-vente r\u00e9sili\u00e9. La d\u00e9cision pr\u00e9cise les modalit\u00e9s de calcul de l’indemnit\u00e9 de r\u00e9siliation et \u00e9carte une demande de d\u00e9lais de paiement.<\/p>\n

Le refus du sursis \u00e0 statuer et l’autonomie des proc\u00e9dures<\/p>\n

Le rejet du sursis \u00e0 statuer repose sur une appr\u00e9ciation stricte des conditions l\u00e9gales. Le juge rappelle que le sursis n’est obligatoire que si l’action publique a \u00e9t\u00e9 mise en mouvement. «En l\u2019esp\u00e8ce, il n\u2019est pas d\u00e9montr\u00e9 que l\u2019action publique ait \u00e9t\u00e9 mise en mouvement» (Motifs, 1). Cette exigence formelle constitue un premier filtrage d\u00e9cisif pour le demandeur. La juridiction exerce ensuite son pouvoir discr\u00e9tionnaire en \u00e9cartant l’argument d’une bonne administration de la justice. Elle estime que l’issue de la proc\u00e9dure p\u00e9nale, concernant la restitution d’un v\u00e9hicule, n’affecte pas le fond du litige civil. La solution consacre l’autonomie des actions civile et p\u00e9nale en l’absence de mise en mouvement effective de l’action publique. Cette analyse rejoint une jurisprudence r\u00e9cente qui distingue les fautes civiles des infractions p\u00e9nales. «Les faits d\u00e9nonc\u00e9s doivent \u00eatre consid\u00e9r\u00e9s comme autonomes des fautes reproch\u00e9es» (Tribunal judiciaire de Paris, le 28 mars 2025, n\u00b023\/09674). La port\u00e9e de la d\u00e9cision est de renforcer la c\u00e9l\u00e9rit\u00e9 de la justice civile lorsque le lien avec une proc\u00e9dure p\u00e9nale n’est pas \u00e9tabli.<\/p>\n

Le calcul encadr\u00e9 de l’indemnit\u00e9 de r\u00e9siliation<\/p>\n

Le juge proc\u00e8de \u00e0 un calcul minutieux de l’indemnit\u00e9 due apr\u00e8s r\u00e9siliation pour d\u00e9faillance. Il applique strictement le bar\u00e8me l\u00e9gal d\u00e9fini par les articles L. 312-40 et D. 312-18 du code de la consommation. La m\u00e9thode impose de combiner la valeur r\u00e9siduelle contractuelle et la valeur actualis\u00e9e des loyers restants. «La valeur actualis\u00e9e des loyers non encore \u00e9chus est calcul\u00e9e selon la m\u00e9thode des int\u00e9r\u00eats compos\u00e9s» (Motifs, 2). Le juge rectifie ainsi le taux d’actualisation erron\u00e9 utilis\u00e9 par le loueur, d\u00e9montrant un contr\u00f4le rigoureux. La d\u00e9cision rappelle que le locataire d\u00e9faillant n’est tenu qu’\u00e0 cette indemnit\u00e9 l\u00e9gale, excluant toute p\u00e9nalit\u00e9 suppl\u00e9mentaire sur les impay\u00e9s. Elle refuse \u00e9galement une modulation du montant au titre de l’ex\u00e9cution partielle. «La formule a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9labor\u00e9e pour tenir objectivement compte du pr\u00e9judice subi par le loueur» (Motifs, 2). La valeur de cet arr\u00eat est de garantir une application pr\u00e9visible et protectrice du consommateur, en limitant strictement la cr\u00e9ance du professionnel au cadre l\u00e9gal. La port\u00e9e en est la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 juridique pour les deux parties au contrat de cr\u00e9dit.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le juge des contentieux de la protection, statuant en premier ressort, rejette une demande de sursis \u00e0 statuer li\u00e9e \u00e0 une plainte p\u00e9nale. Il condamne ensuite…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":232070755,"featured_media":4719,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_kj_source_type":"judilibre","_kj_official_id":"68ff2f497e08341cb497a1d4","_kj_official_url":"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/68ff2f497e08341cb497a1d4","_kj_judilibre_id":"68ff2f497e08341cb497a1d4","_kj_jur":"Tribunal judiciaire","_kj_lieu":"Tribunal judiciaire de Poitiers","_kj_chambre":"JUGE CX PROTECTION (JCP)","_kj_rg":"24\/00401","_kj_date":"2025-10-03","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[7597],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-647556","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jurisprudence"],"yoast_head":"\nTribunal judiciaire de Poitiers, le 3 octobre 2025, n\u00b024\/00401 - Ma\u00eetre Hassan Kohen, avocat en droit p\u00e9nal \u00e0 Paris<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le juge des contentieux de la protection, statuant en premier ressort, rejette une demande de sursis \u00e0 statuer li\u00e9e \u00e0 une plainte p\u00e9nale. 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