{"id":655780,"date":"2026-04-23T06:14:42","date_gmt":"2026-04-23T04:14:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-dijon-le-18-fevrier-2025-n22-02852\/"},"modified":"2026-04-23T06:14:42","modified_gmt":"2026-04-23T04:14:42","slug":"tribunal-judiciaire-de-dijon-le-18-fevrier-2025-n22-02852","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/ru\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-dijon-le-18-fevrier-2025-n22-02852\/","title":{"rendered":"Tribunal judiciaire de Dijon, le 18 f\u00e9vrier 2025, n\u00b022\/02852"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Le tribunal judiciaire de Dijon, par jugement du 18 f\u00e9vrier 2025, statue sur une demande en annulation de donation pour dol. Les h\u00e9ritiers du disposant soutenaient que l’employ\u00e9e de maison b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiaire avait us\u00e9 de man\u0153uvres pour obtenir sa lib\u00e9ralit\u00e9. Le tribunal rejette l’ensemble des demandes des requ\u00e9rants et valide ainsi la donation contest\u00e9e.<\/p>\n

L’absence de man\u0153uvres dolosives caract\u00e9ris\u00e9es
\nLa preuve d’une emprise d\u00e9l\u00e9t\u00e8re sur le disposant n’est pas rapport\u00e9e. Le tribunal rel\u00e8ve que l’insanit\u00e9 d’esprit du donateur n’est pas discut\u00e9e en l’esp\u00e8ce. Il constate surtout que sa lucidit\u00e9 au moment de l’acte est \u00e9tablie par plusieurs attestations. La pr\u00e9sence constante de la b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiaire a cr\u00e9\u00e9 une d\u00e9pendance affective av\u00e9r\u00e9e. Cette situation r\u00e9sultait cependant de la volont\u00e9 claire du donateur de rester \u00e0 son domicile. Il verbalisait avec lucidit\u00e9 que cette pr\u00e9sence lui \u00e9vitait un d\u00e9part en maison de retraite. La jurisprudence rappelle que des pi\u00e8ces m\u00e9dicales non probantes ne suffisent pas \u00e0 \u00e9tablir un vice. «En l’esp\u00e8ce, les pi\u00e8ces m\u00e9dicales vers\u00e9es aux d\u00e9bats justifiant, selon l’appelant, l’annulation de la donation ne sont pas probantes.» (Cour d’appel de Versailles, le 7 mars 2023, n\u00b021\/01557) Le lien de d\u00e9pendance trouvait donc sa source dans un choix \u00e9clair\u00e9 et non dans une manipulation.<\/p>\n

Le maintien des relations familiales exclut l’isolement
\nL’all\u00e9gation d’un isolement provoqu\u00e9 par la b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiaire est infirm\u00e9e par les \u00e9l\u00e9ments du dossier. Le disposant recevait r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement des visites de sa famille et de professionnels de sant\u00e9. Certains t\u00e9moignages \u00e9voquent des relations tendues avec la d\u00e9fenderesse. La distance prise par certains proches \u00e9tait imputable \u00e0 la p\u00e9riode de confinement. Le tribunal en d\u00e9duit l’absence de man\u0153uvre visant \u00e0 couper le donateur de son entourage. Les mensonges all\u00e9gu\u00e9s, comme une s\u00e9paration fictive, ne sont pas \u00e9tablis comme d\u00e9terminants. Son emm\u00e9nagement est post\u00e9rieur \u00e0 la donation et ne pouvait donc la vicier. Le dol suppose un mensonge d\u00e9terminant du consentement, ce qui fait d\u00e9faut ici. Le disposant avait parfaitement conscience du r\u00f4le de la b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiaire dans sa vie quotidienne.<\/p>\n

L’exigence d’un \u00e9l\u00e9ment d\u00e9terminant pour le dol
\nLa d\u00e9finition l\u00e9gale du dol impose la preuve d’un \u00e9l\u00e9ment ayant tromp\u00e9 le consentement. «Le dol est d\u00e9fini par l’article 1137 du code civil comme \u00ab le fait pour un contractant d’obtenir le consentement de l’autre par des man\u0153uvres ou des mensonges.» (Motifs) Le tribunal souligne que le mensonge doit avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9terminant du consentement du donateur. En l’esp\u00e8ce, la conscience qu’avait le disposant de la situation exclut ce caract\u00e8re d\u00e9terminant. Les autres griefs, comme la gestion des comptes, sont \u00e9galement \u00e9cart\u00e9s. Le banquier a confirm\u00e9 que le donateur contr\u00f4lait seul ses op\u00e9rations bancaires. Les lib\u00e9ralit\u00e9s apparaissent ainsi comme la contrepartie volontaire d’un service rendu. La d\u00e9cision prot\u00e8ge donc la volont\u00e9 du disposant lucide, m\u00eame en situation de vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

La n\u00e9cessaire preuve de l’incapacit\u00e9 d’agir
\nLa port\u00e9e de l’arr\u00eat renforce l’exigence probatoire pesant sur les demandeurs en annulation. Il ne suffit pas d’all\u00e9guer une vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9 ou une influence pour obtenir la nullit\u00e9. La preuve de man\u0153uvres actives et d\u00e9terminantes doit \u00eatre concr\u00e8tement apport\u00e9e. Une jurisprudence ant\u00e9rieure a annul\u00e9 une donation lorsque la preuve d’une alt\u00e9ration des facult\u00e9s \u00e9tait rapport\u00e9e. «Il r\u00e9sulte du rapport d’expertise, mais \u00e9galement des certificats m\u00e9dicaux (…) que cette maladie d\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rative (…) l’a rendu inapte \u00e0 d\u00e9fendre ses int\u00e9r\u00eats en 2018.» (Cour d’appel de Versailles, le 10 d\u00e9cembre 2024, n\u00b020\/06324) A l’inverse, en l’absence d’une telle preuve, la lib\u00e9ralit\u00e9 est valide. La d\u00e9cision consacre ainsi une forme de cause en contrepartie de soins attentifs. Elle s\u00e9curise les donations faites par gratitude en fin de vie.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le tribunal judiciaire de Dijon, par jugement du 18 f\u00e9vrier 2025, statue sur une demande en annulation de donation pour dol. Les h\u00e9ritiers du disposant soute…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":232070755,"featured_media":9676,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_kj_source_type":"judilibre","_kj_official_id":"68dec9206af9fd1f80953023","_kj_official_url":"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/68dec9206af9fd1f80953023","_kj_judilibre_id":"68dec9206af9fd1f80953023","_kj_jur":"Tribunal judiciaire","_kj_lieu":"Tribunal judiciaire de Privas","_kj_chambre":"1ere CHAMBRE","_kj_rg":"22\/02852","_kj_date":"2025-09-30","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[7597],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-655780","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jurisprudence"],"yoast_head":"\nTribunal judiciaire de Dijon, le 18 f\u00e9vrier 2025, n\u00b022\/02852 - Ma\u00eetre Hassan Kohen, avocat en droit p\u00e9nal \u00e0 Paris<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le tribunal judiciaire de Dijon, par jugement du 18 f\u00e9vrier 2025, statue sur une demande en annulation de donation pour dol. 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