{"id":656598,"date":"2026-04-23T07:38:21","date_gmt":"2026-04-23T05:38:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-rennes-le-20-janvier-2025-n23-02924\/"},"modified":"2026-04-23T07:38:21","modified_gmt":"2026-04-23T05:38:21","slug":"tribunal-judiciaire-de-rennes-le-20-janvier-2025-n23-02924","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/ru\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-rennes-le-20-janvier-2025-n23-02924\/","title":{"rendered":"Tribunal judiciaire de Rennes, le 20 janvier 2025, n\u00b023\/02924"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Le tribunal judiciaire de Rennes, statuant le 20 janvier 2025, a \u00e9t\u00e9 saisi d’un litige entre un entrepreneur et les ma\u00eetres de l’ouvrage. L’entreprise demandait le paiement du solde d’un march\u00e9 de construction et de travaux suppl\u00e9mentaires. Les ma\u00eetres de l’ouvrage opposaient une exception d’inex\u00e9cution et pr\u00e9sentaient une demande reconventionnelle. Le tribunal a rejet\u00e9 la demande principale et accueilli la demande reconventionnelle, sanctionnant ainsi l’inex\u00e9cution contractuelle de l’entrepreneur.<\/p>\n

La rigueur probatoire encadrant la r\u00e9clamation de travaux suppl\u00e9mentaires.<\/p>\n

L’article 1793 du code civil impose une condition formelle pour la facturation de travaux non pr\u00e9vus. Le juge rappelle que l’entrepreneur «ne peut r\u00e9clamer le paiement de travaux suppl\u00e9mentaires que si ces travaux ont \u00e9t\u00e9 pr\u00e9alablement autoris\u00e9s par \u00e9crit» (Motifs de la d\u00e9cision). En l’esp\u00e8ce, l’entreprise ne produit aucun devis accept\u00e9, ce qui entra\u00eene le rejet de sa demande. Cette solution confirme une jurisprudence constante sur l’exigence d’un accord \u00e9crit pr\u00e9alable. «L\u2019article 1793 du code civil dispose que \u00ab Lorsqu’un architecte ou un entrepreneur s’est charg\u00e9 de la construction \u00e0 forfait d’un b\u00e2timent (\u2026), il ne peut demander aucune augmentation de prix, (\u2026), si ces changements ou augmentations n’ont pas \u00e9t\u00e9 autoris\u00e9s par \u00e9crit, et le prix convenu avec le propri\u00e9taire.» (Tribunal judiciaire de Rennes, le 20 janvier 2025, n\u00b021\/07595). La port\u00e9e est protectrice pour le ma\u00eetre d’ouvrage, qui ma\u00eetrise ainsi son engagement financier.<\/p>\n

L’admission de l’exception d’inex\u00e9cution fond\u00e9e sur une inex\u00e9cution certaine.<\/p>\n

Les juges admettent le moyen des ma\u00eetres de l’ouvrage fond\u00e9 sur l’absence de r\u00e9alisation de travaux essentiels. Ils constatent que l’entrepreneur «ne conteste pas l’ensemble des \u00e9l\u00e9ments soulev\u00e9s» prouvant l’inex\u00e9cution (Motifs de la d\u00e9cision). Cette absence de contestation \u00e9tablit le caract\u00e8re certain de l’inex\u00e9cution, condition pos\u00e9e par la jurisprudence. «Il s’\u00e9vince de ses dispositions l\u00e9gales que l’exception d’inex\u00e9cution ne peut jouer que si l’inex\u00e9cution est certaine au moment o\u00f9 elle est oppos\u00e9e.» (Cour d’appel de Rennes, le 31 juillet 2025, n\u00b024\/02268). La valeur de la d\u00e9cision r\u00e9side dans l’appr\u00e9ciation concr\u00e8te de cette certitude. La port\u00e9e est pratique, soulignant l’importance de constituer un dossier probant pour opposer valablement cette exception.<\/p>\n

Les cons\u00e9quences p\u00e9cuniaires de l’inex\u00e9cution contractuelle de l’entrepreneur.<\/p>\n

Le rejet de la demande principale s’accompagne de l’accueil int\u00e9gral de la demande reconventionnelle. Les p\u00e9nalit\u00e9s de retard contractuelles sont liquid\u00e9es sans difficult\u00e9, l’entrepreneur «ne pr\u00e9sentant aucune contestation» (Motifs de la d\u00e9cision). Le juge condamne \u00e9galement l’entreprise au remboursement des frais suppl\u00e9mentaires support\u00e9s par les ma\u00eetres de l’ouvrage. Ces frais incluent les loyers et les d\u00e9penses engag\u00e9es pour faire ex\u00e9cuter les travaux par des tiers. La solution illustre le principe de r\u00e9paration int\u00e9grale du pr\u00e9judice r\u00e9sultant de l’inex\u00e9cution. Sa port\u00e9e est dissuasive, rappelant les risques financiers encourus par un entrepreneur d\u00e9faillant.<\/p>\n

L’articulation des r\u00e8gles proc\u00e9durales aboutissant \u00e0 une condamnation globale.<\/p>\n

La d\u00e9cision applique strictement les r\u00e8gles sur la charge de la preuve et les cons\u00e9quences de l’absence de contestation. Le juge souligne qu’il «incombe \u00e0 chaque partie de prouver conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 la loi les faits n\u00e9cessaires» (Motifs de la d\u00e9cision). L’entrepreneur, qui \u00e9choue \u00e0 prouver l’accord \u00e9crit, supporte les d\u00e9pens et une indemnit\u00e9 au titre de l’article 700 du code de proc\u00e9dure civile. Cette condamnation proc\u00e9durale compl\u00e8te la sanction substantielle pour renforcer l’issue du proc\u00e8s. La port\u00e9e est incitative, encourageant les parties \u00e0 contester pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment les pr\u00e9tentions adverses sous peine d’\u00eatre r\u00e9put\u00e9es les accepter.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le tribunal judiciaire de Rennes, statuant le 20 janvier 2025, a \u00e9t\u00e9 saisi d’un litige entre un entrepreneur et les ma\u00eetres de l’ouvrage. L’entreprise demand…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":232070755,"featured_media":9676,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_kj_source_type":"judilibre","_kj_official_id":"68f2af13e97b8c182997aa95","_kj_official_url":"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/68f2af13e97b8c182997aa95","_kj_judilibre_id":"68f2af13e97b8c182997aa95","_kj_jur":"Tribunal judiciaire","_kj_lieu":"Tribunal judiciaire de Montpellier","_kj_chambre":"P\u00f4le Civil section 1","_kj_rg":"23\/02924","_kj_date":"2025-09-30","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[7597],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-656598","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jurisprudence"],"yoast_head":"\nTribunal judiciaire de Rennes, le 20 janvier 2025, n\u00b023\/02924 - Ma\u00eetre Hassan Kohen, avocat en droit p\u00e9nal \u00e0 Paris<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le tribunal judiciaire de Rennes, statuant le 20 janvier 2025, a \u00e9t\u00e9 saisi d'un litige entre un entrepreneur et les ma\u00eetres de l'ouvrage. 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