{"id":655613,"date":"2026-04-23T05:50:23","date_gmt":"2026-04-23T03:50:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-paris-le-29-avril-2025-n24-00942\/"},"modified":"2026-04-23T05:50:23","modified_gmt":"2026-04-23T03:50:23","slug":"tribunal-judiciaire-de-paris-le-29-avril-2025-n24-00942","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/tr\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-paris-le-29-avril-2025-n24-00942\/","title":{"rendered":"Tribunal judiciaire de Paris, le 29 avril 2025, n\u00b024\/00942"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Le juge des contentieux de la protection, statuant publiquement, a rendu un jugement le 29 avril 2025. Des consommateurs avaient assign\u00e9 un vendeur et un \u00e9tablissement de cr\u00e9dit en nullit\u00e9 de contrats conclus en 2015 pour l\u2019installation de panneaux photovolta\u00efques. Ils invoquaient des vices du consentement et des manquements aux dispositions protectrices du code de la consommation. Le juge a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 irrecevables toutes leurs demandes au motif de la prescription quinquennale. Il a \u00e9galement rejet\u00e9 une demande en indemnisation pour proc\u00e9dure abusive form\u00e9e par la banque.<\/p>\n

La d\u00e9termination rigoureuse du point de d\u00e9part de la prescription<\/p>\n

Le juge op\u00e8re une analyse distincte des causes de nullit\u00e9 pour appr\u00e9cier la prescription. Concernant la nullit\u00e9 pour violation du code de la consommation, il retient la date de signature du contrat. Il estime que les consommateurs pouvaient v\u00e9rifier d\u00e8s ce jour l\u2019absence des mentions litigieuses. “Les demandeurs \u00e9taient en mesure de v\u00e9rifier au jour de la signature du bon de commande, soit le 25 juin 2015, que les mentions qu\u2019ils jugent essentielles pour la validit\u00e9 de celui-ci n\u2019y figuraient pas.” (Motifs, I-1\u00b0) Le juge \u00e9carte l\u2019application d\u2019un arr\u00eat de la Cour de cassation de 2024 au domaine de la prescription, limitant sa port\u00e9e \u00e0 la confirmation de la nullit\u00e9. Pour le dol, le point de d\u00e9part est \u00e9galement fix\u00e9 \u00e0 la date de conclusion de l\u2019acte. Le juge note que les requ\u00e9rants n\u2019ont pas produit la premi\u00e8re facture de revente d\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9. Ils ne d\u00e9montrent pas que la d\u00e9couverte du dol soit post\u00e9rieure \u00e0 la signature. Cette approche consacre une vision objective de la connaissance des faits par le consommateur. Elle fait pr\u00e9valoir la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 des transactions sur la protection du consentement lorsque le d\u00e9lai est \u00e9coul\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Les cons\u00e9quences proc\u00e9durales de l\u2019interd\u00e9pendance contractuelle et de la qualification des demandes<\/p>\n

Le rejet de la nullit\u00e9 du contrat principal entra\u00eene l\u2019irrecevabilit\u00e9 de celle du cr\u00e9dit affect\u00e9. Le juge rappelle le lien juridique entre les deux actes. “La demande d\u2019annulation du contrat de pr\u00eat conclu le 25 juin 2015 ne pourra prosp\u00e9rer tant elle est fond\u00e9e sur le lien entre le contrat principal de vente et l\u2019affectation du contrat de cr\u00e9dit \u00e0 ce contrat principal, lequel n\u2019a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9clar\u00e9 nul.” (Motifs, I-2)) Cette solution est conforme au principe d\u2019accessoire. Elle illustre que la nullit\u00e9 du cr\u00e9dit affect\u00e9 est subordonn\u00e9e \u00e0 celle du contrat de vente. Par ailleurs, la demande de d\u00e9ch\u00e9ance du droit aux int\u00e9r\u00eats est qualifi\u00e9e de demande additionnelle et non de d\u00e9fense au fond. Cette qualification est d\u00e9terminante pour l\u2019application de la prescription. Le juge estime que cette action, form\u00e9e tardivement, est soumise au d\u00e9lai quinquennal. “La d\u00e9ch\u00e9ance du droit aux int\u00e9r\u00eats \u00e9tant form\u00e9e \u00e0 titre de demande et non de d\u00e9fense au fond.” (Motifs, II) La distinction entre demande et d\u00e9fense conditionne ainsi directement la recevabilit\u00e9 de l\u2019action. Elle renforce les exigences de c\u00e9l\u00e9rit\u00e9 dans l\u2019exercice des droits par les consommateurs.<\/p>\n

Cette d\u00e9cision affirme une interpr\u00e9tation stricte des r\u00e8gles de prescription en mati\u00e8re de consommation. Elle rappelle que la connaissance des faits s\u2019appr\u00e9cie souvent \u00e0 la date de signature du contrat. Le juge refuse d\u2019\u00e9tendre au droit de la prescription les solutions protectrices d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es pour la confirmation de la nullit\u00e9. La port\u00e9e de l\u2019arr\u00eat de la Cour de cassation du 24 janvier 2024 est ainsi circonscrite. Enfin, le rejet de la demande en indemnisation pour proc\u00e9dure abusive temp\u00e8re la rigueur du dispositif. Le juge admet qu\u2019une erreur sur ses droits n\u2019est pas n\u00e9cessairement fautive. “La mauvaise appr\u00e9ciation par une partie de ses droits ne traduit pas en revanche d’abus du droit d’agir en justice.” (Motifs, III) Cette d\u00e9cision \u00e9quilibre finalement la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 juridique des professionnels et le droit d\u2019acc\u00e8s au juge des consommateurs.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le juge des contentieux de la protection, statuant publiquement, a rendu un jugement le 29 avril 2025. Des consommateurs avaient assign\u00e9 un vendeur et un \u00e9ta…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":232070755,"featured_media":9454,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_kj_source_type":"","_kj_official_id":"","_kj_official_url":"","_kj_judilibre_id":"","_kj_jur":"","_kj_lieu":"","_kj_chambre":"","_kj_rg":"","_kj_date":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[7597],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-655613","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jurisprudence"],"yoast_head":"\nTribunal judiciaire de Paris, le 29 avril 2025, n\u00b024\/00942 - Ma\u00eetre Hassan Kohen, avocat en droit p\u00e9nal \u00e0 Paris<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le juge des contentieux de la protection, statuant publiquement, a rendu un jugement le 29 avril 2025. 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