{"id":666177,"date":"2026-04-24T01:04:33","date_gmt":"2026-04-23T23:04:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/cour-dappel-de-paris-le-9-juillet-2024-n23-12195\/"},"modified":"2026-04-24T01:04:33","modified_gmt":"2026-04-23T23:04:33","slug":"cour-dappel-de-paris-le-9-juillet-2024-n23-12195","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/tr\/cour-dappel-de-paris-le-9-juillet-2024-n23-12195\/","title":{"rendered":"Cour d’appel de Paris, le 9 juillet 2024, n\u00b023\/12195"},"content":{"rendered":"
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La cour d’appel de Paris, le 9 juillet 2024, statue sur le pourvoi form\u00e9 contre un jugement ayant rejet\u00e9 la demande en responsabilit\u00e9 d’un teneur de compte conservateur. Les h\u00e9ritiers d’un salari\u00e9 d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9 reprochaient \u00e0 ce prestataire de ne pas les avoir inform\u00e9s d’une forte baisse de la valeur d’un plan d’\u00e9pargne entre le d\u00e9c\u00e8s et la liquidation. La cour confirme le jugement et rejette l’ensemble des griefs, pr\u00e9cisant le r\u00e9gime des obligations du teneur de compte envers les b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiaires de l’\u00e9pargne salariale.<\/p>\n

La qualification contractuelle du b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiaire exclut l’application des r\u00e8gles de bonne conduite g\u00e9n\u00e9rales.<\/p>\n

Le lien contractuel direct n’existe qu’entre le teneur de compte et l’entreprise employeuse, non avec le salari\u00e9 b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiaire. Le client au sens des textes r\u00e9gissant les prestataires de services d’investissement est donc uniquement l’employeur. Il s’ensuit que le salari\u00e9 n’ayant pas lui-m\u00eame la qualit\u00e9 de client du prestataire de services d’investissement teneur de comptes, les r\u00e8gles de bonne conduite du teneur de comptes \u00e0 son \u00e9gard ne sont pas d\u00e9termin\u00e9es par les textes du code mon\u00e9taire et financier. Cette analyse limite strictement le champ d’application des devoirs renforc\u00e9s de conseil et de mise en garde pr\u00e9vus par l’article L. 533-12 du code mon\u00e9taire et financier. Elle consacre une distinction nette entre la relation commerciale principale et les effets \u00e0 l’\u00e9gard des tiers b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiaires.<\/p>\n

Les obligations du teneur de compte envers le b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiaire trouvent n\u00e9anmoins source dans un faisceau de textes sp\u00e9cifiques et la convention. Le b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiaire peut se pr\u00e9valoir des engagements pris par le teneur envers l’entreprise en sa faveur, stipul\u00e9s au contrat. Il est \u00e9galement prot\u00e9g\u00e9 par les dispositions r\u00e9glementaires propres \u00e0 la tenue de compte dans le cadre de l’\u00e9pargne salariale, notamment les articles 322-12 et 322-76 du r\u00e8glement g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de l’AMF. Enfin, la responsabilit\u00e9 d\u00e9lictuelle de droit commun reste applicable en cas de faute. Ce cadre juridique pluraliste assure une protection effective du salari\u00e9, bien que d\u00e9riv\u00e9e et non directe.<\/p>\n

L’absence de manquement aux obligations d’information est \u00e9tablie au regard des circonstances de l’esp\u00e8ce.<\/p>\n

Les informations fournies \u00e9taient exactes et accompagn\u00e9es des mises en garde n\u00e9cessaires sur la volatilit\u00e9 des march\u00e9s. La communication de la valeur au jour du d\u00e9c\u00e8s, utile pour la d\u00e9claration de succession, \u00e9tait licite. La cour rel\u00e8ve que le grief manque en fait puisque la lettre du 14 f\u00e9vrier 2020 s’achevait sur l’avertissement suivant : “Il est \u00e0 noter que la valorisation des parts est soumise aux fluctuations boursi\u00e8res”. Cette appr\u00e9ciation in concreto souligne que l’obligation d’information ne commande pas un suivi continu de la valeur ou un devoir de conseil prospectif. Elle se contente d’exiger des donn\u00e9es exactes et des avertissements g\u00e9n\u00e9raux sur les risques.<\/p>\n

L’acc\u00e8s aux informations n’a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 ind\u00fbment entrav\u00e9 pendant la p\u00e9riode critique pr\u00e9c\u00e9dant la liquidation. Le blocage du compte en ligne \u00e0 la suite du d\u00e9c\u00e8s \u00e9tait une mesure de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 justifi\u00e9e. Les h\u00e9ritiers conservaient un autre canal de contact via une plateforme t\u00e9l\u00e9phonique. La cour constate que du 14 f\u00e9vrier 2020 jusqu’\u00e0 la d\u00e9cision prise le 14 mars 2020 de liquider le plan, les h\u00e9ritiers avaient donc acc\u00e8s \u00e0 l’information mise \u00e0 disposition. Cette analyse d\u00e9montre que l’obligation de moyens p\u00e8se sur le teneur de compte, qui doit mettre en place des dispositifs d’acc\u00e8s raisonnables. Elle n’est pas tenue \u00e0 une garantie de r\u00e9sultat quant \u00e0 la r\u00e9ception effective de l’information par le b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiaire.<\/p>\n

Cette d\u00e9cision clarifie le statut juridique du salari\u00e9 b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiaire d’un plan d’\u00e9pargne salariale. Elle \u00e9carte l’application du droit commun de la protection du client d’investissement, fond\u00e9 sur une relation contractuelle directe et une asym\u00e9trie d’information. La protection est assur\u00e9e par un r\u00e9gime sp\u00e9cial, combinant stipulation pour autrui, r\u00e9glementation sectorielle et droit commun de la responsabilit\u00e9. La port\u00e9e pratique est importante pour les teneurs de compte, qui doivent organiser leur information conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 la convention et aux articles 322-12 et 322-76 du r\u00e8glement g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de l’AMF. Enfin, la solution rappelle que l’obligation d’information ne comprend pas un devoir g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de conseil ou d’alerte sur les fluctuations des march\u00e9s, m\u00eame substantielles.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La cour d’appel de Paris, le 9 juillet 2024, statue sur le pourvoi form\u00e9 contre un jugement ayant rejet\u00e9 la demande en responsabilit\u00e9 d’un teneur de compte c…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":232070755,"featured_media":9630,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_kj_source_type":"judilibre","_kj_official_id":"68d4cdb7653faf0d09392a22","_kj_official_url":"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/68d4cdb7653faf0d09392a22","_kj_judilibre_id":"68d4cdb7653faf0d09392a22","_kj_jur":"Cour d'appel","_kj_lieu":"Cour d'appel de Paris","_kj_chambre":"P\u00f4le 5 - Chambre 6","_kj_rg":"23\/12195","_kj_date":"2025-09-24","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[7597],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-666177","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jurisprudence"],"yoast_head":"\nCour d'appel de Paris, le 9 juillet 2024, n\u00b023\/12195 - 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