{"id":667201,"date":"2026-04-24T02:59:22","date_gmt":"2026-04-24T00:59:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-bordeaux-le-6-fevrier-2025-n23-08465\/"},"modified":"2026-04-26T19:39:55","modified_gmt":"2026-04-26T17:39:55","slug":"tribunal-judiciaire-de-bordeaux-le-6-fevrier-2025-n23-08465","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/tr\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-bordeaux-le-6-fevrier-2025-n23-08465\/","title":{"rendered":"Tribunal judiciaire de Bordeaux, le 6 f\u00e9vrier 2025, n\u00b023\/08465"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Le tribunal judiciaire de Bordeaux, le 6 f\u00e9vrier 2025, statue sur un litige n\u00e9 de l’ex\u00e9cution d\u00e9fectueuse et de l’abandon d’un chantier de r\u00e9novation. L’entreprise contractante assigne les ma\u00eetres d’ouvrage en paiement du solde de factures. Ces derniers forment une demande reconventionnelle en responsabilit\u00e9. La juridiction doit trancher sur la prescription de l’action en paiement et sur les cons\u00e9quences de l’inex\u00e9cution contractuelle. Elle d\u00e9clare l’action en paiement prescrite et condamne l’entreprise \u00e0 indemniser int\u00e9gralement les ma\u00eetres d’ouvrage.<\/p>\n

La prescription biennale protectrice des consommateurs<\/p>\n

Le point de d\u00e9part du d\u00e9lai de prescription<\/a>. Le tribunal applique strictement l’article L. 218-2 du code de la consommation. Il rappelle que l’action en paiement d’un professionnel contre un consommateur se prescrit par deux ans. Le point de d\u00e9part est fix\u00e9 \u00e0 la date de l’\u00e9mission des factures litigieuses. “Le point de d\u00e9part de la prescription biennale de l\u2019action en paiement de ces factures se situe au plus tard \u00e0 la date de leur \u00e9mission” (Motifs). Cette solution consacre une interpr\u00e9tation protectrice du consommateur. Elle aligne le point de d\u00e9part sur l’exigibilit\u00e9 de la cr\u00e9ance, soit l’ach\u00e8vement des prestations. La jurisprudence ant\u00e9rieure confirme cette analyse pour les services fun\u00e9raires. “L’op\u00e9rateur de pompes fun\u00e8bres qui conclut un contrat de prestations fun\u00e9raires avec un consommateur lui fournit un service, ce dont il r\u00e9sulte que l’action en paiement qui proc\u00e8de de ce contrat est soumise \u00e0 la prescription biennale” (Cour d’appel de Rennes, le 25 septembre 2025, n\u00b023\/04930). La port\u00e9e en est le renforcement de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 juridique des consommateurs.<\/p>\n

L’interruption du d\u00e9lai par la demande en justice. Le tribunal pr\u00e9cise les conditions d’interruption de la prescription. Seule une demande en justice, formelle et r\u00e9guli\u00e8re, produit cet effet interruptif. “Seule la demande en justice interrompant le d\u00e9lai de prescription par application de l\u2019article 2241 du code civil” (Motifs). En l’esp\u00e8ce, la premi\u00e8re demande intervient bien apr\u00e8s l’expiration du d\u00e9lai de deux ans. L’action est donc d\u00e9clar\u00e9e irrecevable. Cette rigueur proc\u00e9durale prot\u00e8ge le consommateur de revendications tardives. Elle oblige le cr\u00e9ancier professionnel \u00e0 une diligence certaine dans le recouvrement. La valeur de cette solution r\u00e9side dans son effet dissuasif pour les pratiques contentieuses dilatoires. Elle s\u00e9curise ainsi la situation patrimoniale du consommateur sur le long terme.<\/p>\n

La sanction des manquements contractuels de l’entreprise<\/p>\n

La qualification de l’abandon injustifi\u00e9 du chantier. Le tribunal analyse les causes de l’arr\u00eat des travaux. Il constate que l’entreprise a suspendu son activit\u00e9 pour un motif de non-paiement. Ce motif est jug\u00e9 ill\u00e9gitime au regard du faible montant des factures impay\u00e9es<\/a>. “L\u2019absence de paiement de la somme de 4 357,86 euros, soit 6% du montant total des travaux accept\u00e9s, ne saurait justifier la suspension des travaux” (Motifs). L’interdiction d’acc\u00e8s au chantier par les ma\u00eetres d’ouvrage fut de tr\u00e8s courte dur\u00e9e. Elle fut suivie d’une mise en demeure de reprendre l’ex\u00e9cution, rest\u00e9e sans suite. L’abandon du chantier est donc \u00e9tabli et engage la responsabilit\u00e9 contractuelle de l’entreprise. Cette appr\u00e9ciation stricte prot\u00e8ge la partie qui a ex\u00e9cut\u00e9 ses obligations substantielles. Elle rappelle que la suspension unilat\u00e9rale n’est permise que pour des manquements graves.<\/p>\n

La r\u00e9partition des responsabilit\u00e9s et l’\u00e9valuation des pr\u00e9judices. Le tribunal op\u00e8re une distinction fine entre les types de d\u00e9sordres constat\u00e9s par expertise. Il attribue \u00e0 l’entreprise les malfa\u00e7ons d’ex\u00e9cution et les non-conformit\u00e9s contractuelles. “Sa responsabilit\u00e9 est engag\u00e9e au titre des d\u00e9sordres relevant de malfa\u00e7ons dans l\u2019ex\u00e9cution et\/ou d\u2019une non-conformit\u00e9 aux prescriptions contractuelles” (Motifs). En revanche, les vices de conception et les d\u00e9fauts de direction du chantier incombent au ma\u00eetre d’ouvrage. Cette r\u00e9partition \u00e9quitable guide la condamnation financi\u00e8re. Le trop-per\u00e7u est int\u00e9gralement restitu\u00e9 et le co\u00fbt des reprises est support\u00e9 \u00e0 due proportion. Le pr\u00e9judice de perte de chance de louer le bien est \u00e9valu\u00e9 forfaitairement. Cette approche d\u00e9taill\u00e9e garantit une indemnisation juste et proportionn\u00e9e. Elle illustre la mise en \u0153uvre concr\u00e8te des principes g\u00e9n\u00e9raux du droit des contrats.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le tribunal judiciaire de Bordeaux, le 6 f\u00e9vrier 2025, statue sur un litige n\u00e9 de l’ex\u00e9cution d\u00e9fectueuse et de l’abandon d’un chantier de r\u00e9novation. L’entr…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":232070755,"featured_media":9654,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_kj_source_type":"","_kj_official_id":"","_kj_official_url":"","_kj_judilibre_id":"","_kj_jur":"","_kj_lieu":"","_kj_chambre":"","_kj_rg":"","_kj_date":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[7096,7597],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-667201","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-code-des-assurances","category-jurisprudence"],"yoast_head":"\nTribunal judiciaire de Bordeaux, le 6 f\u00e9vrier 2025, n\u00b023\/08465 - Ma\u00eetre Hassan Kohen, avocat en droit p\u00e9nal \u00e0 Paris<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le tribunal judiciaire de Bordeaux, le 6 f\u00e9vrier 2025, statue sur un litige n\u00e9 de l'ex\u00e9cution d\u00e9fectueuse et de l'abandon d'un chantier de r\u00e9novation. 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