{"id":685545,"date":"2026-04-25T20:47:58","date_gmt":"2026-04-25T18:47:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/cour-dappel-le-9-avril-2025-n25-01067\/"},"modified":"2026-04-25T20:47:58","modified_gmt":"2026-04-25T18:47:58","slug":"cour-dappel-le-9-avril-2025-n25-01067","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/tr\/cour-dappel-le-9-avril-2025-n25-01067\/","title":{"rendered":"Cour d’appel, le 9 avril 2025, n\u00b025\/01067"},"content":{"rendered":"
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La Cour d’appel de [Localit\u00e9 5], 16 juillet 2025, rend un arr\u00eat rectificatif sur le fondement de l’article 462 du code de proc\u00e9dure civile. Saisie d’office, elle corrige une mention du dispositif d’un arr\u00eat du 9 avril 2025 de la cour d’appel de Riom.<\/p>\n

Le litige opposait une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e0 un particulier. Le tribunal de commerce de Clermont-Ferrand avait statu\u00e9 le 30 novembre 2023. L’appel a abouti \u00e0 un arr\u00eat dont le dispositif indiquait par erreur que la cour statuait \u00ab en premier ressort \u00bb. La juridiction d’appel avait pourtant statu\u00e9 en dernier ressort.<\/p>\n

La question portait sur la possibilit\u00e9 de r\u00e9parer une telle inexactitude par la voie de la rectification d’erreur mat\u00e9rielle, sans alt\u00e9rer le sens de la d\u00e9cision. La cour rappelle que \u00ab Selon les dispositions de l’article 462 du code de proc\u00e9dure civile, les erreurs mat\u00e9rielles qui affectent un jugement, m\u00eame pass\u00e9 en force de chose jug\u00e9e, peuvent toujours \u00eatre r\u00e9par\u00e9es par la juridiction qui l’a rendu ou par celle \u00e0 laquelle il est d\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9, selon ce que le dossier r\u00e9v\u00e8le ou, \u00e0 d\u00e9faut, ce que la raison commande \u00bb. Elle constate ensuite: \u00ab Or, la cour a statu\u00e9 en dernier ressort \u00bb, puis ordonne le remplacement de la formule fautive par la formule exacte.<\/p>\n

I. La qualification d\u2019erreur mat\u00e9rielle et son r\u00e9gime<\/p>\n

A. Le fondement textuel et ses bornes
\nLa cour s\u2019en tient \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9conomie de l\u2019article 462, qu\u2019elle cite litt\u00e9ralement et applique sans d\u00e9tour. L\u2019erreur vis\u00e9e doit \u00eatre purement mat\u00e9rielle, identifiable par le dossier, et corrigible \u00ab selon ce que le dossier r\u00e9v\u00e8le ou, \u00e0 d\u00e9faut, ce que la raison commande \u00bb. Une telle rectification ne modifie ni le sens, ni la port\u00e9e de la solution, elle r\u00e9tablit seulement la coh\u00e9rence formelle de l\u2019arr\u00eat.<\/p>\n

La comp\u00e9tence de la juridiction qui a statu\u00e9, ou de celle \u00e0 laquelle la d\u00e9cision est d\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9e, est express\u00e9ment pr\u00e9vue. La saisine d\u2019office est ici r\u00e9guli\u00e8re, la cour indiquant qu\u2019elle agit pour r\u00e9parer une simple discordance r\u00e9dactionnelle. Le rappel du texte borne l\u2019office du juge rectificateur et exclut toute r\u00e9ouverture du d\u00e9bat sur le fond.<\/p>\n

B. L\u2019erreur sur le ressort, une anomalie strictement formelle
\nLa motivation identifie la mention fautive en toutes lettres: \u00ab La cour, statuant publiquement, par arr\u00eat contradictoire mis \u00e0 disposition au greffe et en premier ressort \u00bb. La cour ajoute imm\u00e9diatement: \u00ab Or, la cour a statu\u00e9 en dernier ressort \u00bb. Le dispositif substitue d\u00e8s lors la formule exacte: \u00ab La cour statuant publiquement, par arr\u00eat contradictoire mis \u00e0 disposition au greffe et en dernier ressort \u00bb.<\/p>\n

La qualification d\u2019erreur mat\u00e9rielle s\u2019impose ici, car le degr\u00e9 de ressort ne proc\u00e8de pas d\u2019un choix juridictionnel, mais de la nature m\u00eame de la juridiction saisie. Corriger le libell\u00e9 ne change rien \u00e0 la solution au fond ni aux droits substantiels des parties. Le contr\u00f4le se limite \u00e0 lever une ambigu\u00eft\u00e9 de plume affectant le dispositif.<\/p>\n

II. La port\u00e9e proc\u00e9durale de la correction<\/p>\n

A. Les voies de recours et la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 des d\u00e9lais
\nLa substitution de \u00ab dernier ressort \u00bb r\u00e9tablit l\u2019exacte lisibilit\u00e9 des voies de recours ouvertes. Un arr\u00eat d\u2019appel statue en dernier ressort, de sorte que seul le pourvoi demeure, sous les conditions l\u00e9gales. La correction ne cr\u00e9e ni n\u2019\u00e9teint aucune voie de recours; elle dissipe un risque de confusion sur la nature du titre.<\/p>\n

En \u00e9vitant toute ambigu\u00eft\u00e9 dans le dispositif, la cour garantit la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 juridique des parties et des tiers. La mention correcte s\u00e9curise la compr\u00e9hension des d\u00e9lais et des formalit\u00e9s de recours. L\u2019office du juge rectificateur se borne \u00e0 rendre l\u2019\u00e9crit conforme \u00e0 la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 proc\u00e9durale.<\/p>\n

B. La publicit\u00e9 de la rectification et l\u2019incidence sur les d\u00e9pens
\nLa cour ordonne une mesure de publicit\u00e9 interne et externe de la correction. Le dispositif \u00e9nonce: \u00ab Dit que la d\u00e9cision rectificative sera mentionn\u00e9e sur la minute et sur les exp\u00e9ditions du jugement \u00bb. Cette mention assure la diffusion de l\u2019information utile et l\u2019opposabilit\u00e9 de la formule exacte.<\/p>\n

Le traitement des frais confirme la nature neutre de l\u2019intervention. La d\u00e9cision pr\u00e9cise que \u00ab Les d\u00e9pens de la proc\u00e9dure seront laiss\u00e9s \u00e0 la charge du Tr\u00e9sor Public \u00bb. Ce choix, usuel en cas de saisine d\u2019office pour erreur mat\u00e9rielle, \u00e9vite d\u2019imputer \u00e0 une partie une charge n\u00e9e d\u2019une simple anomalie r\u00e9dactionnelle. L\u2019\u00e9conomie g\u00e9n\u00e9rale de la d\u00e9cision demeure ainsi pr\u00e9serv\u00e9e, tandis que sa clart\u00e9 formelle est pleinement r\u00e9tablie.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La Cour d’appel de [Localit\u00e9 5], 16 juillet 2025, rend un arr\u00eat rectificatif sur le fondement de l’article 462 du code de proc\u00e9dure civile. Saisie d’office, …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":232070755,"featured_media":9666,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_kj_source_type":"judilibre","_kj_official_id":"6878841063001e49f9f26a55","_kj_official_url":"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/6878841063001e49f9f26a55","_kj_judilibre_id":"6878841063001e49f9f26a55","_kj_jur":"Cour d'appel","_kj_lieu":"Riom","_kj_chambre":"Chambre commerciale","_kj_rg":"25\/01067","_kj_date":"2025-07-16","_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[7597],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-685545","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jurisprudence"],"yoast_head":"\nCour d'appel, le 9 avril 2025, n\u00b025\/01067 - Ma\u00eetre Hassan Kohen, avocat en droit p\u00e9nal \u00e0 Paris<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La Cour d'appel de [Localit\u00e9 5], 16 juillet 2025, rend un arr\u00eat rectificatif sur le fondement de l'article 462 du code de proc\u00e9dure civile. 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