{"id":712459,"date":"2026-04-27T23:00:39","date_gmt":"2026-04-27T21:00:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-montpellier-le-7-janvier-2026-n24-02778\/"},"modified":"2026-04-27T23:00:39","modified_gmt":"2026-04-27T21:00:39","slug":"tribunal-judiciaire-de-montpellier-le-7-janvier-2026-n24-02778","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/tr\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-montpellier-le-7-janvier-2026-n24-02778\/","title":{"rendered":"Tribunal judiciaire de Montpellier, le 7 janvier 2026, n\u00b024\/02778"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Par ordonnance du 7 janvier 2026, le juge de la mise en \u00e9tat du tribunal judiciaire de Montpellier a rejet\u00e9 l’exception de prescription soulev\u00e9e par l’acqu\u00e9reur. La question centrale portait sur la recevabilit\u00e9 de l’action en paiement du solde du prix de vente d’immeubles en l’\u00e9tat futur d’ach\u00e8vement.<\/p>\n

I. La qualification de consommateur de l’acqu\u00e9reur non professionnel<\/p>\n

Le juge \u00e9carte la qualit\u00e9 de professionnel de l’acqu\u00e9reur pour retenir l’application de la prescription biennale. Il constate que les ventes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 conclues en son nom personnel et non via ses soci\u00e9t\u00e9s. L’immatriculation en tant que loueur meubl\u00e9 non professionnel est post\u00e9rieure \u00e0 la r\u00e9servation des biens.<\/p>\n

Le magistrat souligne que le contrat mentionne le droit de r\u00e9tractation r\u00e9serv\u00e9 aux acqu\u00e9reurs non professionnels. Il ajoute que la partie d\u00e9fenderesse exerce la profession de v\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire, sans lien direct avec l’op\u00e9ration immobili\u00e8re litigieuse. Ainsi, “il n’est cependant pas d\u00e9montr\u00e9 que Madame a conclu les contrats de vente \u00e0 des fins professionnelles” (Motifs).<\/p>\n

Cette solution consacre une interpr\u00e9tation protectrice du consommateur, en analysant l’acte au regard de son but concret. Sa port\u00e9e est de rappeler que la qualit\u00e9 de dirigeant de soci\u00e9t\u00e9s n’exclut pas automatiquement la protection consum\u00e9riste pour un achat personnel.<\/p>\n

II. Le point de d\u00e9part du d\u00e9lai de prescription conditionn\u00e9 au remboursement de la TVA<\/p>\n

Le juge fixe le point de d\u00e9part de la prescription \u00e0 la r\u00e9alisation de la condition suspensive du remboursement fiscal. Il rel\u00e8ve que le paiement des 16,67% du prix d\u00e9pendait du remboursement de la TVA par l’administration entre les mains du notaire. Ce remboursement n’\u00e9tant pas intervenu, le d\u00e9lai n’a pas commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 courir.<\/p>\n

Le magistrat pr\u00e9cise que “le d\u00e9lai de prescription de l’action en paiement des 16,67% du prix de vente, ne peut commencer \u00e0 courir avant cet \u00e9v\u00e8nement” (Motifs). Il applique ainsi l’article 2233 du code civil sur la suspension de la prescription pour les cr\u00e9ances conditionnelles.<\/p>\n

Cette d\u00e9cision offre une valeur pratique importante en mati\u00e8re de ventes en l’\u00e9tat futur d’ach\u00e8vement avec financement HT. Elle s\u00e9curise le vendeur en subordonnant le d\u00e9clenchement de la prescription \u00e0 la survenance de la condition, et non \u00e0 la seule livraison du bien.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Par ordonnance du 7 janvier 2026, le juge de la mise en \u00e9tat du tribunal judiciaire de Montpellier a rejet\u00e9 l’exception de prescription soulev\u00e9e par l’acqu\u00e9r…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":232070755,"featured_media":9427,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_kj_source_type":"judilibre","_kj_official_id":"69656ef7cdc6046d47126d4a","_kj_official_url":"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/69656ef7cdc6046d47126d4a","_kj_judilibre_id":"69656ef7cdc6046d47126d4a","_kj_jur":"Tribunal judiciaire","_kj_lieu":"Montpellier","_kj_chambre":"P\u00f4le Civil section 2","_kj_rg":"24\/02778","_kj_date":"2026-01-07","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[7597],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-712459","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jurisprudence"],"yoast_head":"\nTribunal judiciaire de Montpellier, le 7 janvier 2026, n\u00b024\/02778 - 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