{"id":654538,"date":"2026-04-23T03:41:46","date_gmt":"2026-04-23T01:41:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-nice-le-7-novembre-2025-n25-05862\/"},"modified":"2026-04-23T03:41:46","modified_gmt":"2026-04-23T01:41:46","slug":"tribunal-judiciaire-de-nice-le-7-novembre-2025-n25-05862","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/zh-hans\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-nice-le-7-novembre-2025-n25-05862\/","title":{"rendered":"Tribunal judiciaire de Nice, le 7 novembre 2025, n\u00b025\/05862"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"article-content\">\n<p>Le tribunal judiciaire de Nice, statuant en r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9 le 7 novembre 2025, a examin\u00e9 une demande de mise en cause d\u2019un d\u00e9l\u00e9gataire de service public dans une expertise en cours. La juridiction a rejet\u00e9 la demande de jonction d\u2019instances mais a accueilli la requ\u00eate principale. Elle a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 commune \u00e0 ce tiers l\u2019expertise ordonn\u00e9e ant\u00e9rieurement, en application des articles 145 et 331 du code de proc\u00e9dure civile.<\/p>\n<p>Le rejet de la jonction d\u2019instances<br \/>\nL\u2019impossibilit\u00e9 proc\u00e9durale de la jonction<br \/>\nLe juge des r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9s a d\u2019abord \u00e9cart\u00e9 la demande de jonction des instances. Il a constat\u00e9 que l\u2019instance \u00e0 l\u2019origine de l\u2019ordonnance d\u00e9signant l\u2019expert \u00e9tait termin\u00e9e. Cette fin rendait techniquement impossible toute jonction avec une instance nouvelle. La d\u00e9cision rappelle ainsi le caract\u00e8re strict des conditions proc\u00e9durales applicables en la mati\u00e8re. Elle souligne l\u2019autonomie proc\u00e9durale des mesures d\u2019instruction ordonn\u00e9es en r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>La pr\u00e9servation de l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 de la mesure d\u2019instruction<br \/>\nCe rejet n\u2019a pas pour autant priv\u00e9 d\u2019effet la demande principale. Il permet de traiter la mise en cause du tiers sur son fondement propre et direct. Cette approche \u00e9vite de complexifier inutilement une proc\u00e9dure d\u2019expertise d\u00e9j\u00e0 engag\u00e9e. Elle garantit la c\u00e9l\u00e9rit\u00e9 et l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 de la mesure conservatoire, objectif central de la proc\u00e9dure de r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019admission de la mise en cause sur le fondement de l\u2019article 145<br \/>\nLa caract\u00e9risation d\u2019un motif l\u00e9gitime<br \/>\nLe juge a retenu l\u2019existence d\u2019un motif l\u00e9gitime justifiant la mise en cause. Il s\u2019est appuy\u00e9 sur le contrat de concession qui rend le d\u00e9l\u00e9gataire responsable des ouvrages en cause. &#8220;Il est ainsi justifi\u00e9 d&#8217;un motif l\u00e9gitime de mettre en cause la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 CMESE aux op\u00e9rations d&#8217;expertise actuellement en cours.&#8221; (DISCUSSION) La d\u00e9cision applique strictement les conditions de l\u2019article 145 sans pr\u00e9juger du fond du litige. Elle se contente de v\u00e9rifier la possibilit\u00e9 d\u2019un proc\u00e8s futur et l\u2019utilit\u00e9 de la preuve.<\/p>\n<p>La dissociation de la recevabilit\u00e9 de l\u2019action au fond<br \/>\nLa cour pr\u00e9cise que le juge des r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9s n\u2019a pas \u00e0 examiner la recevabilit\u00e9 ou les chances de succ\u00e8s d\u2019une action au fond. &#8220;Il appartient au juge saisi de l&#8217;application de ce texte de caract\u00e9riser le motif l\u00e9gitime [&#8230;] sans toutefois proc\u00e9der pr\u00e9alablement \u00e0 l&#8217;examen de la recevabilit\u00e9 d&#8217;une \u00e9ventuelle action.&#8221; (DISCUSSION) Cette dissociation est essentielle pour ne pas vider la mesure de son caract\u00e8re conservatoire. Elle confirme une jurisprudence constante sur l\u2019autonomie de l\u2019article 145.<\/p>\n<p>La port\u00e9e de la d\u00e9cision<br \/>\nCette ordonnance consolide la jurisprudence sur la mise en cause des tiers en r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9. Elle rappelle utilement que &#8220;l&#8217;existence de contestations s\u00e9rieuses ne constitue pas un obstacle&#8221; \u00e0 l\u2019article 145. (DISCUSSION) La solution facilite la recherche des preuves en impliquant tous les acteurs potentiellement responsables. Elle assure l\u2019opposabilit\u00e9 du futur rapport d\u2019expertise \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9gard du tiers mis en cause, s\u00e9curisant ainsi la suite contentieuse. Enfin, la d\u00e9cision r\u00e9affirme l\u2019\u00e9conomie proc\u00e9durale des r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9s en laissant les d\u00e9pens \u00e0 la charge de la requ\u00e9rante, ayant int\u00e9r\u00eat \u00e0 la mesure.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le tribunal judiciaire de Nice, statuant en r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9 le 7 novembre 2025, a examin\u00e9 une demande de mise en cause d\u2019un d\u00e9l\u00e9gataire de service public dans une exp&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":232070755,"featured_media":9614,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_kj_source_type":"","_kj_official_id":"","_kj_official_url":"","_kj_judilibre_id":"","_kj_jur":"","_kj_lieu":"","_kj_chambre":"","_kj_rg":"","_kj_date":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[7597],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-654538","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jurisprudence"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.5 (Yoast SEO v27.5) - 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