{"id":660825,"date":"2026-04-23T15:58:19","date_gmt":"2026-04-23T13:58:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/cour-dappel-le-26-septembre-2025-n22-07197\/"},"modified":"2026-04-23T15:58:19","modified_gmt":"2026-04-23T13:58:19","slug":"cour-dappel-le-26-septembre-2025-n22-07197","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/zh-hans\/cour-dappel-le-26-septembre-2025-n22-07197\/","title":{"rendered":"Cour d’appel, le 26 septembre 2025, n\u00b022\/07197"},"content":{"rendered":"
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La Cour d’appel, statuant en date non pr\u00e9cis\u00e9e, examine un litige relatif \u00e0 la d\u00e9nonciation d’un accord collectif d\u00e9partemental instaurant une prime d’anciennet\u00e9. Une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 employeuse, anciennement adh\u00e9rente \u00e0 la f\u00e9d\u00e9ration signataire, cesse de verser cette prime suite \u00e0 la d\u00e9nonciation de l’accord par la f\u00e9d\u00e9ration. Un salari\u00e9 et des organisations syndicales contestent cette d\u00e9nonciation et r\u00e9clament le paiement des arri\u00e9r\u00e9s. La cour \u00e9carte la contestation de la r\u00e9gularit\u00e9 proc\u00e9durale de la d\u00e9nonciation pour irrecevabilit\u00e9. Elle pr\u00e9cise ensuite les effets de cette d\u00e9nonciation sur les droits des salari\u00e9s et condamne l’employeur au paiement des sommes dues ainsi qu’\u00e0 des dommages-int\u00e9r\u00eats.<\/p>\n

La r\u00e9gularit\u00e9 de la d\u00e9nonciation : une contestation soumise \u00e0 des conditions de recevabilit\u00e9<\/p>\n

L’irrecevabilit\u00e9 de la contestation proc\u00e9durale constitue le premier apport de la d\u00e9cision. Les requ\u00e9rants reprochaient \u00e0 l’employeur de ne pas justifier de la cessation de son adh\u00e9sion \u00e0 la f\u00e9d\u00e9ration signataire et de ne pas avoir notifi\u00e9 la d\u00e9nonciation. La cour \u00e9carte cet argument par un motif de proc\u00e9dure. Elle estime que la contestation de la r\u00e9gularit\u00e9 de la d\u00e9nonciation n’est pas recevable \u00e0 l’encontre de l’employeur seul. “En revanche, d\u00e8s lors que M. [P], l’union r\u00e9gionale de la construction CGT PACA et l’union syndicale des salari\u00e9s de la construction du bois et de l’ameublement des Bouches-du-Rh\u00f4ne CGT n’ont pas appel\u00e9 en la cause la f\u00e9d\u00e9ration des entreprises de BTP des Bouches-du-Rh\u00f4ne, seule signataire pour les employeurs de l’accord collectif pr\u00e9cit\u00e9 et \u00e0 l’origine de la d\u00e9nonciation du 25 juin 2015, ils ne sont pas recevables \u00e0 contester la r\u00e9gularit\u00e9 de cette d\u00e9nonciation \u00e0 l’\u00e9gard de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 SNEF que celle-ci f\u00fbt encore, ou non, adh\u00e9rente de cette f\u00e9d\u00e9ration \u00e0 la date de la d\u00e9nonciation.” Cette solution rappelle que l’auteur d’un acte juridique doit \u00eatre mis en cause pour en discuter la validit\u00e9. Elle prot\u00e8ge l’employeur adh\u00e9rent d’une contestation portant sur un acte qu’il n’a pas pris personnellement. Sa port\u00e9e est confirm\u00e9e par une jurisprudence identique qui statue dans les m\u00eames termes (Cour d’appel de Paris, le 10 juillet 2025, n\u00b024\/06083). Cette approche impose une rigueur proc\u00e9durale aux syndicats souhaitant contester une d\u00e9nonciation.<\/p>\n

La confirmation de l’obligation de l’employeur malgr\u00e9 la d\u00e9nonciation forme le second point. La cour rappelle le principe selon lequel l’employeur reste li\u00e9 par l’accord apr\u00e8s sa d\u00e9mission de l’organisation signataire. Elle se fonde sur l’article L.2262-3 du code du travail. “Alors qu’il r\u00e9sulte des dispositions claires et pr\u00e9cises de l’article L.135-1 alin\u00e9a 3 devenu l’article L.2262-3 du code du travail que la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 SNEF restait tenue d’appliquer l’accord du 28 octobre 1968, m\u00eame apr\u00e8s la cessation de son adh\u00e9sion \u00e0 la f\u00e9d\u00e9ration des entreprises du BTP des Bouches-du-Rh\u00f4ne.” Cette disposition imp\u00e9rative assure la stabilit\u00e9 des relations conventionnelles et la protection des salari\u00e9s. Elle emp\u00eache un employeur de se soustraire unilat\u00e9ralement \u00e0 ses obligations en quittant l’organisation patronale signataire. La valeur de ce rappel est essentielle car il constitue le fondement juridique de la condamnation au paiement des arri\u00e9r\u00e9s, ind\u00e9pendamment de la r\u00e9gularit\u00e9 de la d\u00e9nonciation.<\/p>\n

Les effets de la d\u00e9nonciation : la distinction entre p\u00e9riode transitoire et avantage acquis<\/p>\n

La d\u00e9termination de la p\u00e9riode d’application transitoire de l’accord d\u00e9nonc\u00e9 est pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment fix\u00e9e. La cour applique strictement l’article L.2261-13 du code du travail dans sa r\u00e9daction ant\u00e9rieure \u00e0 la loi du 8 ao\u00fbt 2016. Elle retient que l’accord continue de produire ses effets pendant un d\u00e9lai de quinze mois suivant sa d\u00e9nonciation. “Par cons\u00e9quent, et jusqu’au 25 septembre 2016 inclus (15 mois depuis le 25 juin 2015), M. [P] avait le droit de percevoir la prime d’anciennet\u00e9 calcul\u00e9e conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 l’accord du 28 octobre 1968 d\u00e9nonc\u00e9 le 25 juin 2015.” Durant cette p\u00e9riode, la prime est calcul\u00e9e de mani\u00e8re \u00e9volutive, selon les modalit\u00e9s conventionnelles initiales. Cette interpr\u00e9tation s\u00e9curise les droits des salari\u00e9s pendant la phase de transition suivant la d\u00e9nonciation. Elle garantit une continuit\u00e9 de la protection conventionnelle le temps qu’un \u00e9ventuel nouvel accord soit n\u00e9goci\u00e9.<\/p>\n

La cons\u00e9cration et le calcul de l’avantage acquis fig\u00e9 apr\u00e8s le d\u00e9lai transitoire ach\u00e8vent l’analyse. Pass\u00e9 le d\u00e9lai de quinze mois, le salari\u00e9 ne conserve qu’un avantage individuel acquis, fig\u00e9 \u00e0 sa valeur \u00e0 cette date. “A compter du 26 septembre 2016, il avait le droit de percevoir l’avantage acquis fig\u00e9 \u00e0 cette date.” La cour proc\u00e8de alors au calcul concret de cet avantage pour le salari\u00e9 concern\u00e9, sur la base du salaire minimum conventionnel applicable \u00e0 la date du 25 septembre 2016. Elle condamne en cons\u00e9quence l’employeur au paiement des arri\u00e9r\u00e9s, reconnaissant son erreur. Cette fixation de l’avantage acquis au dernier salaire conventionnel connu est logique. Elle pr\u00e9serve le pouvoir d’achat du salari\u00e9 tel qu’il \u00e9tait au moment o\u00f9 l’accord a cess\u00e9 de produire ses effets dynamiques. Cette solution op\u00e8re une synth\u00e8se \u00e9quilibr\u00e9e entre la fin de la convention collective et la protection des droits n\u00e9s de son application.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La Cour d’appel, statuant en date non pr\u00e9cis\u00e9e, examine un litige relatif \u00e0 la d\u00e9nonciation d’un accord collectif d\u00e9partemental instaurant une prime d’ancien…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":232070755,"featured_media":9631,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_kj_source_type":"","_kj_official_id":"","_kj_official_url":"","_kj_judilibre_id":"","_kj_jur":"","_kj_lieu":"","_kj_chambre":"","_kj_rg":"","_kj_date":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[7597],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-660825","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jurisprudence"],"yoast_head":"\nCour d'appel, le 26 septembre 2025, n\u00b022\/07197 - 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