{"id":661573,"date":"2026-04-23T17:43:42","date_gmt":"2026-04-23T15:43:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-aix-en-provence-le-7-novembre-2023-n23-00960\/"},"modified":"2026-04-23T17:43:42","modified_gmt":"2026-04-23T15:43:42","slug":"tribunal-judiciaire-de-aix-en-provence-le-7-novembre-2023-n23-00960","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/zh-hans\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-aix-en-provence-le-7-novembre-2023-n23-00960\/","title":{"rendered":"Tribunal judiciaire de Aix-en-Provence, le 7 novembre 2023, n\u00b023\/00960"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"article-content\">\n<p>Tribunal judiciaire d\u2019Aix-en-Provence, chambre g\u00e9n\u00e9raliste B, rend le 7 novembre 2023 un jugement en mati\u00e8re de responsabilit\u00e9 du fait des animaux. Un chien s\u2019\u00e9tant \u00e9chapp\u00e9 a mordu une personne, causant un pr\u00e9judice corporel. La juridiction retient la responsabilit\u00e9 du propri\u00e9taire sur le fondement de l\u2019article 1243 du Code civil. Elle proc\u00e8de ensuite \u00e0 une indemnisation d\u00e9taill\u00e9e poste par poste du pr\u00e9judice de la victime et statue sur le recours d\u2019un tiers payeur. La solution consacre une application stricte du principe de r\u00e9paration int\u00e9grale et des r\u00e8gles encadrant la subrogation.<\/p>\n<p>Le principe de responsabilit\u00e9 du fait des animaux et son application rigoureuse<\/p>\n<p>La d\u00e9cision applique de mani\u00e8re classique le r\u00e9gime de la responsabilit\u00e9 du fait des animaux. Elle rappelle le fondement l\u00e9gal de cette responsabilit\u00e9 objective. &#8220;Aux termes de l&#8217;article 1243 du Code civil Le propri\u00e9taire d&#8217;un animal, ou celui qui s&#8217;en sert, pendant qu&#8217;il est \u00e0 son usage, est responsable du dommage que l&#8217;animal a caus\u00e9&#8221; (Motifs, Sur la responsabilit\u00e9). La solution d\u00e9montre la simplicit\u00e9 de mise en \u0153uvre de ce r\u00e9gime d\u00e8s lors que le lien de causalit\u00e9 est \u00e9tabli. Le propri\u00e9taire est d\u00e9clar\u00e9 responsable sans qu\u2019un fait personnel ne soit recherch\u00e9. Cette approche assure une protection efficace des victimes d\u2019accidents impliquant des animaux. Elle souligne le caract\u00e8re objectif de la garde comme crit\u00e8re d\u2019imputation de la responsabilit\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>La r\u00e9paration int\u00e9grale du pr\u00e9judice corporel poste par poste<\/p>\n<p>Le jugement op\u00e8re une r\u00e9paration m\u00e9ticuleuse suivant la nomenclature Dintilhac. Il distingue avec pr\u00e9cision les pr\u00e9judices patrimoniaux et extra-patrimoniaux, temporaires et permanents. Chaque chef de pr\u00e9judice est individualis\u00e9 et quantifi\u00e9 sur la base de l\u2019expertise m\u00e9dicale. Le raisonnement r\u00e9affirme le principe cardinal de la r\u00e9paration. &#8220;Il convient en outre de rappeler qu\u2019il y a lieu de r\u00e9tablir aussi exactement que possible l\u2019\u00e9quilibre d\u00e9truit par le dommage&#8221; (Motifs, Sur la r\u00e9paration du pr\u00e9judice). Cette m\u00e9thode garantit une indemnisation ad\u00e9quate et personnalis\u00e9e de la victime. Elle traduit la volont\u00e9 de restaurer sa situation ant\u00e9rieure dans toute la mesure du possible.<\/p>\n<p>Le recours subrogatoire des tiers payeurs et ses limites l\u00e9gales<\/p>\n<p>La d\u00e9cision traite du remboursement des sommes avanc\u00e9es par l\u2019employeur public de la victime. Elle applique strictement le cadre l\u00e9gal restrictif des recours subrogatoires. Le jugement \u00e9carte tout recours sur les indemnit\u00e9s personnelles de la victime. &#8220;\u00e9tant observ\u00e9 qu\u2019en application de l\u2019article 25 de la loi du 21 d\u00e9cembre 2006, d\u2019application imm\u00e9diate, le recours subrogatoire des tiers payeurs s\u2019exerce poste par poste sur les seules indemnit\u00e9s qui r\u00e9parent des pr\u00e9judices qu\u2019ils ont pris en charge, \u00e0 l\u2019exclusion des pr\u00e9judices \u00e0 caract\u00e8re personnel&#8221; (Motifs, Sur la r\u00e9paration du pr\u00e9judice). Cette solution est conforme \u00e0 la jurisprudence \u00e9tablie. &#8220;Attendu, selon ce texte, que les recours subrogatoires des tiers payeurs s&#8217;exercent poste par poste sur les seules indemnit\u00e9s r\u00e9parant des pr\u00e9judices qu&#8217;ils ont pris en charge, \u00e0 l&#8217;exclusion de ceux \u00e0 caract\u00e8re personnel&#8221; (Cass. Deuxi\u00e8me chambre civile, le 23 mai 2019, n\u00b018-14.332). Elle prot\u00e8ge ainsi l\u2019int\u00e9gralit\u00e9 de l\u2019indemnit\u00e9 allou\u00e9e \u00e0 la victime pour ses pr\u00e9judices propres.<\/p>\n<p>La cons\u00e9cration du principe de sp\u00e9cialit\u00e9 dans l\u2019indemnisation<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019examen des demandes illustre le principe de sp\u00e9cialit\u00e9 gouvernant la r\u00e9paration. Chaque poste de pr\u00e9judice fait l\u2019objet d\u2019une analyse distincte et d\u2019une justification sp\u00e9cifique. Les pertes de salaire indemnis\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019employeur correspondent exactement aux sommes vers\u00e9es. La victime per\u00e7oit quant \u00e0 elle une indemnit\u00e9 pour son d\u00e9ficit fonctionnel temporaire. Cette dissociation stricte emp\u00eache tout double emploi dans la r\u00e9paration. Elle assure une tra\u00e7abilit\u00e9 compl\u00e8te des sommes allou\u00e9es et de leur destination. Le jugement veille ainsi au respect des droits de chaque cr\u00e9ancier, victime et tiers payeur. Cette rigueur proc\u00e9durale est essentielle pour la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 juridique des proc\u00e9dures d\u2019indemnisation.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tribunal judiciaire d\u2019Aix-en-Provence, chambre g\u00e9n\u00e9raliste B, rend le 7 novembre 2023 un jugement en mati\u00e8re de responsabilit\u00e9 du fait des animaux. Un chien &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":232070755,"featured_media":9656,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_kj_source_type":"","_kj_official_id":"","_kj_official_url":"","_kj_judilibre_id":"","_kj_jur":"","_kj_lieu":"","_kj_chambre":"","_kj_rg":"","_kj_date":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[7597],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-661573","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jurisprudence"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.4 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Tribunal judiciaire de Aix-en-Provence, le 7 novembre 2023, n\u00b023\/00960 - Ma\u00eetre Hassan Kohen, avocat en droit p\u00e9nal \u00e0 Paris<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Tribunal judiciaire d\u2019Aix-en-Provence, chambre g\u00e9n\u00e9raliste B, rend le 7 novembre 2023 un jugement en mati\u00e8re de responsabilit\u00e9 du fait des animaux. 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