{"id":667218,"date":"2026-04-24T03:03:17","date_gmt":"2026-04-24T01:03:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-bayonne-le-3-juin-2025-n21-03218\/"},"modified":"2026-04-26T19:40:12","modified_gmt":"2026-04-26T17:40:12","slug":"tribunal-judiciaire-de-bayonne-le-3-juin-2025-n21-03218","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/zh-hans\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-bayonne-le-3-juin-2025-n21-03218\/","title":{"rendered":"Tribunal judiciaire de Bayonne, le 3 juin 2025, n\u00b021\/03218"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"article-content\">\n<p>Le tribunal judiciaire de Bayonne, statuant le 3 juin 2025, a examin\u00e9 un litige complexe n\u00e9 de la vente en cha\u00eene d&#8217;un v\u00e9hicule d&#8217;occasion. L&#8217;acqu\u00e9reur final a agi en r\u00e9solution pour vice cach\u00e9 contre son vendeur, un particulier, qui a lui-m\u00eame recherch\u00e9 la responsabilit\u00e9 du vendeur professionnel en amont. La juridiction a accueilli les deux actions en garantie des <a href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/avocat-vices-caches-immobilier-paris\/\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"vices cach\u00e9s\">vices cach\u00e9s<\/a>, pronon\u00e7ant la r\u00e9solution successive des deux ventes et organisant leurs effets r\u00e9ciproques.<\/p>\n<p>La preuve du vice cach\u00e9 dans une vente entre particuliers<\/p>\n<p>L&#8217;exigence probatoire de l&#8217;acheteur est pleinement satisfaite. Le tribunal constate que l&#8217;existence d&#8217;un vice cach\u00e9 ant\u00e9rieur \u00e0 la vente est \u00e9tablie par un faisceau d&#8217;\u00e9l\u00e9ments techniques concordants. &#8220;L&#8217;existence d&#8217;un vice cach\u00e9 du v\u00e9hicule litigieux [&#8230;] r\u00e9sulte des constatations et des conclusions de l\u2019expert amiable [&#8230;] corrobor\u00e9es partiellement par le contr\u00f4le technique&#8221; (Motifs). L&#8217;expert a relev\u00e9 des interventions m\u00e9caniques dissimul\u00e9es relevant du bricolage et rendant le v\u00e9hicule impropre. La valeur de cette d\u00e9cision r\u00e9side dans l&#8217;admission probatoire d&#8217;un rapport d&#8217;expertise amiable, m\u00eame unilat\u00e9ral \u00e0 l&#8217;origine, d\u00e8s lors que ses conclusions sont techniques et d\u00e9taill\u00e9es. La port\u00e9e est significative pour les acqu\u00e9reurs particuliers, qui peuvent ainsi s&#8217;appuyer sur des constats experts pour caract\u00e9riser le vice.<\/p>\n<p>Les cons\u00e9quences de la garantie sont strictement limit\u00e9es pour le vendeur non professionnel. Le tribunal rappelle le r\u00e9gime distinct de responsabilit\u00e9 selon la bonne ou mauvaise foi du vendeur. &#8220;Madame [K], qui n\u2019a pas la qualit\u00e9 de professionnel, ne peut \u00eatre tenue responsable [&#8230;] que de la restitution du prix et des frais occasionn\u00e9s par la vente&#8221; (Motifs). En l&#8217;absence de preuve de sa connaissance des vices, sa responsabilit\u00e9 est cantonn\u00e9e aux seuls articles 1641 et 1646 du Code civil. Ce point a pour sens de prot\u00e9ger le vendeur de bonne foi, en alignant sa garantie sur son ignorance. La port\u00e9e pratique est cruciale, car elle exclut toute condamnation \u00e0 des dommages-int\u00e9r\u00eats compl\u00e9mentaires au profit de l&#8217;acqu\u00e9reur l\u00e9s\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>L&#8217;identification du vendeur professionnel et la cha\u00eene de garanties<\/p>\n<p>La qualification du vendeur initial est essentielle pour d\u00e9terminer la responsabilit\u00e9. Le tribunal op\u00e8re une analyse fine des structures commerciales et des documents de cession. Il rel\u00e8ve que &#8220;c\u2019est bien cette soci\u00e9t\u00e9 qui a la qualit\u00e9 de vendeur principal quand bien m\u00eame figure le tampon de Monsieur [R] exer\u00e7ant sous son enseigne \u00e0 titre individuel&#8221; (Motifs). Cette confusion n&#8217;emp\u00eache pas d&#8217;imputer la vente \u00e0 la soci\u00e9t\u00e9, dont l&#8217;entrepreneur individuel agissait comme mandataire. La valeur de l&#8217;arr\u00eat est de ne pas laisser une pratique commerciale ambigu\u00eb exon\u00e9rer le v\u00e9ritable vendeur professionnel. La port\u00e9e incite \u00e0 une grande clart\u00e9 dans l&#8217;identification des parties aux actes de vente.<\/p>\n<p>Le jeu successif des actions garantit une protection compl\u00e8te pour tous les acqu\u00e9reurs. Le tribunal organise les effets en cascade des deux r\u00e9solutions prononc\u00e9es. Il ordonne que &#8220;chacune des obligations cons\u00e9cutives \u00e0 [&#8230;] chaque r\u00e9solution [&#8230;] s\u2019ex\u00e9cuteront simultan\u00e9ment&#8221; (Par ces motifs). Cette mise en balance permet un r\u00e8glement pratique en une seule instance. Le sens est d&#8217;assurer une indemnisation fluide depuis le professionnel jusqu&#8217;\u00e0 l&#8217;acqu\u00e9reur final. La port\u00e9e est de valider la recevabilit\u00e9 de l&#8217;action directe du sous-acqu\u00e9reur contre le vendeur professionnel initial, simplifiant les proc\u00e9dures. La jurisprudence du Tribunal judiciaire de Grenoble du 2 juin 2025, qui exigeait la preuve d&#8217;un pr\u00e9judice li\u00e9 au refus amiable, n&#8217;est pas applicable ici, l&#8217;existence du vice cach\u00e9 \u00e9tant \u00e9tablie.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le tribunal judiciaire de Bayonne, statuant le 3 juin 2025, a examin\u00e9 un litige complexe n\u00e9 de la vente en cha\u00eene d&#8217;un v\u00e9hicule d&#8217;occasion. L&#8217;acqu\u00e9reur final&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":232070755,"featured_media":4876,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_kj_source_type":"judilibre","_kj_official_id":"68d2e19369293f91fcc662c7","_kj_official_url":"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/68d2e19369293f91fcc662c7","_kj_judilibre_id":"68d2e19369293f91fcc662c7","_kj_jur":"Tribunal judiciaire","_kj_lieu":"Tribunal judiciaire de Bordeaux","_kj_chambre":"5\u00e8me CHAMBRE CIVILE","_kj_rg":"21\/03218","_kj_date":"2025-09-23","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[7096,35583,7597],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-667218","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-code-des-assurances","category-immobilier","category-jurisprudence"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.5 (Yoast SEO v27.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Tribunal judiciaire de Bayonne, le 3 juin 2025, n\u00b021\/03218 - Ma\u00eetre Hassan Kohen, avocat en droit p\u00e9nal \u00e0 Paris<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le tribunal judiciaire de Bayonne, statuant le 3 juin 2025, a examin\u00e9 un litige complexe n\u00e9 de la vente en cha\u00eene d&#039;un v\u00e9hicule d&#039;occasion. 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