{"id":667876,"date":"2026-04-24T03:56:27","date_gmt":"2026-04-24T01:56:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/cour-dappel-de-paris-le-16-juin-2023-n23-06391\/"},"modified":"2026-04-26T18:53:09","modified_gmt":"2026-04-26T16:53:09","slug":"cour-dappel-de-paris-le-16-juin-2023-n23-06391","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/zh-hans\/cour-dappel-de-paris-le-16-juin-2023-n23-06391\/","title":{"rendered":"Cour d’appel de Paris, le 16 juin 2023, n\u00b023\/06391"},"content":{"rendered":"
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La Cour d’appel de Paris, le 16 juin 2023, a statu\u00e9 sur un litige opposant un salari\u00e9 int\u00e9rimaire \u00e0 son employeur et \u00e0 une entreprise utilisatrice. Le salari\u00e9 demandait la reconnaissance d’un accident du travail<\/a> survenu le 14 juin 2019 et la faute inexcusable de l’employeur. La cour a confirm\u00e9 la d\u00e9cision de premi\u00e8re instance reconnaissant l’accident du travail et la faute inexcusable de l’entreprise utilisatrice.<\/p>\n

La reconnaissance du caract\u00e8re professionnel de l’accident<\/p>\n

La preuve de la survenance de l’\u00e9v\u00e9nement au temps et au lieu du travail<\/p>\n

La cour rappelle la d\u00e9finition l\u00e9gale de l’accident du travail et le principe de pr\u00e9somption d’imputabilit\u00e9. “Constitue un accident du travail un \u00e9v\u00e9nement ou une s\u00e9rie d’\u00e9v\u00e9nements survenus \u00e0 des dates certaines par le fait ou \u00e0 l’occasion du travail, dont il est r\u00e9sult\u00e9 une l\u00e9sion corporelle.” (Motifs) Le salari\u00e9 doit \u00e9tablir les circonstances et le caract\u00e8re professionnel par des \u00e9l\u00e9ments objectifs. La cour constate que la d\u00e9claration d’accident, le certificat m\u00e9dical et les premi\u00e8res d\u00e9clarations du t\u00e9moin forment un ensemble concordant. Elle rel\u00e8ve des incoh\u00e9rences dans les d\u00e9clarations ult\u00e9rieures du t\u00e9moin et dans la version de l’employeur. La preuve d’un accident survenu au temps et au lieu du travail est ainsi rapport\u00e9e, activant la pr\u00e9somption l\u00e9gale.<\/p>\n

La confirmation de la pr\u00e9somption d’imputabilit\u00e9 face aux contestations<\/p>\n

L’employeur, pour \u00e9carter la pr\u00e9somption, devait prouver une cause \u00e9trang\u00e8re au travail. Les arguments avanc\u00e9s, comme la poursuite du travail ou le d\u00e9lai de d\u00e9claration, sont jug\u00e9s insuffisants. La cour estime que les l\u00e9sions constat\u00e9es sont compatibles avec l’activit\u00e9 d\u00e9crite. “Au regard de cette connaissance imm\u00e9diate des faits par l’employeur et des premi\u00e8res d\u00e9clarations du t\u00e9moin… la preuve est rapport\u00e9e d’un accident survenu le 14 juin 2019, aux temps et lieu de travail.” (Motifs) L’employeur n’ayant pas rapport\u00e9 la preuve d’une cause \u00e9trang\u00e8re, la pr\u00e9somption d’imputabilit\u00e9 s’applique et le caract\u00e8re professionnel est confirm\u00e9.<\/p>\n

La caract\u00e9risation de la faute inexcusable de l’employeur<\/p>\n

Les crit\u00e8res du manquement \u00e0 l’obligation de s\u00e9curit\u00e9<\/p>\n

La faute inexcusable de l’employeur est d\u00e9finie par un double crit\u00e8re de conscience du danger et d’absence de mesures pr\u00e9ventives. “Le manquement \u00e0 cette obligation a le caract\u00e8re d’une faute inexcusable… lorsque l’employeur avait ou aurait d\u00fb avoir conscience du danger auquel \u00e9tait expos\u00e9 le salari\u00e9 et qu’il n’a pas pris les mesures n\u00e9cessaires pour l’en pr\u00e9server.” (Motifs) Il suffit que cette faute soit une cause n\u00e9cessaire de l’accident, sans qu’elle doive \u00eatre d\u00e9terminante ou exclusive. La charge de la preuve incombe au salari\u00e9, sauf dans des cas exceptionnels qui ne sont pas applicables en l’esp\u00e8ce.<\/p>\n

L’appr\u00e9ciation concr\u00e8te du d\u00e9faut de pr\u00e9vention des risques<\/p>\n

La cour examine les moyens de pr\u00e9vention invoqu\u00e9s par l’entreprise utilisatrice. Elle rel\u00e8ve que les documents produits, comme la fiche d’\u00e9tablissement, sont post\u00e9rieurs \u00e0 l’accident. “Il s’en d\u00e9duit qu’il n’est pas \u00e9tabli la mise en place… de mesures de pr\u00e9vention d’un risque dont la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 utilisatrice avait pourtant connaissance.” (Motifs) L’activit\u00e9 de manutention manuelle de charges lourdes \u00e9tait connue et pr\u00e9vue au contrat de mission. L’absence de formation adapt\u00e9e et d’organisation du travail pour pr\u00e9venir ce risque sp\u00e9cifique caract\u00e9rise la faute inexcusable. L’employeur juridique est exon\u00e9r\u00e9, la faute \u00e9tant imput\u00e9e \u00e0 l’entreprise utilisatrice qui en supporte les cons\u00e9quences financi\u00e8res.<\/p>\n

Cette d\u00e9cision illustre rigoureusement la distinction entre la proc\u00e9dure de reconnaissance de l’accident et l’action en faute inexcusable. Elle rappelle que la pr\u00e9somption d’imputabilit\u00e9, une fois activ\u00e9e par des \u00e9l\u00e9ments objectifs, est robuste. Sur la faute inexcusable, elle applique strictement le crit\u00e8re de la conscience du danger et sanctionne l’absence de mesures concr\u00e8tes de pr\u00e9vention, m\u00eame en pr\u00e9sence de documents g\u00e9n\u00e9riques. Elle pr\u00e9cise enfin le partage des responsabilit\u00e9s entre employeur de droit et entreprise utilisatrice dans le cadre du travail int\u00e9rimaire.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La Cour d’appel de Paris, le 16 juin 2023, a statu\u00e9 sur un litige opposant un salari\u00e9 int\u00e9rimaire \u00e0 son employeur et \u00e0 une entreprise utilisatrice. Le salari…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":232070755,"featured_media":9523,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_kj_source_type":"judilibre","_kj_official_id":"68d37d7b2e40a40d5ce9962c","_kj_official_url":"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/68d37d7b2e40a40d5ce9962c","_kj_judilibre_id":"68d37d7b2e40a40d5ce9962c","_kj_jur":"Cour d'appel","_kj_lieu":"Cour d'appel de Lyon","_kj_chambre":"CHAMBRE SOCIALE D (PS)","_kj_rg":"23\/06391","_kj_date":"2025-09-23","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[7123,6580,7597,6718,6992],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-667876","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-droit-du-travail","category-droit-social","category-jurisprudence","category-social","category-travail"],"yoast_head":"\nCour d'appel de Paris, le 16 juin 2023, n\u00b023\/06391 - Ma\u00eetre Hassan Kohen, avocat en droit p\u00e9nal \u00e0 Paris<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La Cour d'appel de Paris, le 16 juin 2023, a statu\u00e9 sur un litige opposant un salari\u00e9 int\u00e9rimaire \u00e0 son employeur et \u00e0 une entreprise utilisatrice. 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