{"id":669328,"date":"2026-04-24T06:09:14","date_gmt":"2026-04-24T04:09:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-dijon-le-19-septembre-2025-n25-00148\/"},"modified":"2026-04-24T06:09:14","modified_gmt":"2026-04-24T04:09:14","slug":"tribunal-judiciaire-de-dijon-le-19-septembre-2025-n25-00148","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/zh-hans\/tribunal-judiciaire-de-dijon-le-19-septembre-2025-n25-00148\/","title":{"rendered":"Tribunal judiciaire de Dijon, le 19 septembre 2025, n\u00b025\/00148"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Le tribunal judiciaire, statuant le 19 septembre 2025, a examin\u00e9 une demande en restitution de v\u00e9hicule formul\u00e9e par un \u00e9tablissement de cr\u00e9dit. L\u2019emprunteuse, locataire du bien, n\u2019ayant pas honor\u00e9 ses engagements, l\u2019organisme a invoqu\u00e9 la clause contractuelle de restitution. La juridiction a ordonn\u00e9 la restitution imm\u00e9diate assortie d\u2019une astreinte, rejetant la demande de d\u00e9lai de la d\u00e9fenderesse et condamnant celle-ci aux d\u00e9pens et \u00e0 une indemnit\u00e9 sur le fondement de l\u2019article 700 du code de proc\u00e9dure civile.<\/p>\n

La force obligatoire du contrat justifiant la restitution<\/p>\n

Le principe de l\u2019autorit\u00e9 contractuelle constitue le fondement premier de la d\u00e9cision. Le juge rappelle que “Les contrats l\u00e9galement form\u00e9s tiennent lieu de loi \u00e0 ceux qui les ont faits” (article 1103 du code civil). Cette application stricte consacre la force obligatoire de la convention, qui lie les parties aussi efficacement qu\u2019une loi. La port\u00e9e de ce rappel est essentielle en mati\u00e8re de cr\u00e9dit-bail, o\u00f9 les clauses pr\u00e9vues par le contrat s\u2019imposent pleinement. La solution affirme ainsi la primaut\u00e9 de la volont\u00e9 des parties et la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 juridique des op\u00e9rations de financement.<\/p>\n

L\u2019inex\u00e9cution des obligations par l\u2019emprunteuse entra\u00eene logiquement la mise en \u0153uvre des sanctions contractuelles. Le contrat pr\u00e9voyait express\u00e9ment une restitution en fin de p\u00e9riode ou lors d\u2019une r\u00e9siliation pour impay\u00e9s. La d\u00e9fenderesse “n’a pas contest\u00e9 avoir omis de restituer le v\u00e9hicule”. D\u00e8s lors, la restitution est ordonn\u00e9e car “le v\u00e9hicule appartient \u00e0 la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de financement”. Ce raisonnement applique directement les stipulations du contrat, notamment la clause de r\u00e9serve de propri\u00e9t\u00e9. La valeur de cette analyse r\u00e9side dans sa rigueur, refusant de remettre en cause les effets d\u2019une clause claire et licite.<\/p>\n

Les modalit\u00e9s d\u2019ex\u00e9cution forc\u00e9e de la d\u00e9cision<\/p>\n

Le prononc\u00e9 d\u2019une astreinte provisoire vise \u00e0 garantir l\u2019effectivit\u00e9 de la condamnation \u00e0 restituer. Le tribunal estime que “Le prononc\u00e9 d\u2019une astreinte appara\u00eet n\u00e9cessaire”. Il fixe son montant \u00e0 cinquante euros par jour de retard, pour une dur\u00e9e maximale de cent quatre-vingts jours. Cette mesure s\u2019inscrit dans le cadre l\u00e9gal d\u00e9fini par le code des proc\u00e9dures civiles d\u2019ex\u00e9cution, rappelant que “l’astreinte est provisoire ou d\u00e9finitive” (Tribunal judiciaire, le 4 avril 2025, n\u00b024\/00286). La port\u00e9e de cette astreinte est pr\u00e9ventive et coercitive, visant \u00e0 obtenir une ex\u00e9cution spontan\u00e9e et rapide de la d\u00e9cision.<\/p>\n

Le rejet de la demande de d\u00e9lai et l\u2019octroi de mesures accessoires compl\u00e8tent le dispositif. La d\u00e9fenderesse invoquait sa situation personnelle et professionnelle pour solliciter un report. Le juge rel\u00e8ve qu\u2019elle “n’apporte pas d’\u00e9l\u00e9ments de preuve au soutien de sa demande”. Par ailleurs, il consid\u00e8re que “l’organisme de cr\u00e9dit est en droit de r\u00e9clamer la restitution imm\u00e9diate”. Ce refus prot\u00e8ge les int\u00e9r\u00eats du cr\u00e9ancier, lui permettant de “pouvoir le remettre en vente”. La d\u00e9cision condamne enfin la partie perdante aux d\u00e9pens et \u00e0 une indemnit\u00e9 de six cents euros, “compte tenu de l\u2019\u00e9quit\u00e9”. La solution assure ainsi une ex\u00e9cution compl\u00e8te et effective du jugement, sans d\u00e9lai injustifi\u00e9.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le tribunal judiciaire, statuant le 19 septembre 2025, a examin\u00e9 une demande en restitution de v\u00e9hicule formul\u00e9e par un \u00e9tablissement de cr\u00e9dit. L\u2019emprunteus…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":232070755,"featured_media":3572,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_kj_source_type":"","_kj_official_id":"","_kj_official_url":"","_kj_judilibre_id":"","_kj_jur":"","_kj_lieu":"","_kj_chambre":"","_kj_rg":"","_kj_date":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[7597],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-669328","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jurisprudence"],"yoast_head":"\nTribunal judiciaire de Dijon, le 19 septembre 2025, n\u00b025\/00148 - Ma\u00eetre Hassan Kohen, avocat en droit p\u00e9nal \u00e0 Paris<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le tribunal judiciaire, statuant le 19 septembre 2025, a examin\u00e9 une demande en restitution de v\u00e9hicule formul\u00e9e par un \u00e9tablissement de cr\u00e9dit. 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