{"id":682578,"date":"2026-04-25T17:42:59","date_gmt":"2026-04-25T15:42:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/cour-dappel-de-montpellier-le-18-septembre-2025-n24-02486\/"},"modified":"2026-04-25T17:42:59","modified_gmt":"2026-04-25T15:42:59","slug":"cour-dappel-de-montpellier-le-18-septembre-2025-n24-02486","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/zh-hans\/cour-dappel-de-montpellier-le-18-septembre-2025-n24-02486\/","title":{"rendered":"Cour d’appel de Montpellier, le 18 septembre 2025, n\u00b024\/02486"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

La Cour d’appel de Montpellier, en sa quatri\u00e8me chambre civile, statue le dix-huit septembre deux mille vingt-cinq. Un emprunteur avait souscrit un cr\u00e9dit affect\u00e9 pour financer des travaux de chauffage. L’entreprise prestataire abandonna le chantier, conduisant \u00e0 la cessation des paiements. L’\u00e9tablissement financier assigna l’emprunteur en remboursement anticip\u00e9 pour d\u00e9ch\u00e9ance du terme. Le juge des contentieux de la protection avait d\u00e9bout\u00e9 le pr\u00eateur, estimant la d\u00e9ch\u00e9ance irr\u00e9guli\u00e8re. La cour d’appel, saisie de l’appel du financeur, examine la demande de suspension du cr\u00e9dit. Elle ordonne finalement la suspension de l’ex\u00e9cution du contrat de cr\u00e9dit affect\u00e9.<\/p>\n

L’identification du contrat principal en cr\u00e9dit affect\u00e9<\/p>\n

La cour proc\u00e8de d’abord \u00e0 la caract\u00e9risation de l’op\u00e9ration litigieuse. Le contrat litigieux est relatif \u00e0 un ‘cr\u00e9dit affect\u00e9’, ce qui pr\u00e9suppose une interd\u00e9pendance avec un autre contrat. Cette qualification impose de rechercher le contrat de vente ou de prestation de services financ\u00e9. Les parties ne produisent pas le contrat principal correspondant \u00e0 la premi\u00e8re offre de cr\u00e9dit. L’existence de deux offres de financement \u00e0 quelques jours d’intervalle complique cette identification. La cour analyse les \u00e9l\u00e9ments pour \u00e9tablir le lien d’affectation.<\/p>\n

Elle retient finalement que l’offre du premier avril finance le devis sign\u00e9 ult\u00e9rieurement. “En l’\u00e9tat des pi\u00e8ces vers\u00e9es au d\u00e9bat, la cour consid\u00e8re que l’offre du 1er avril 2021 finance le devis vers\u00e9 au d\u00e9bat, \u00e0 savoir celui \u00e9tabli par la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 PPF [Localit\u00e9 10] d’un montant de 33 775, 58 \u20ac TTC sign\u00e9 le 28 avril 2021 par M. [I] [J].” (Motifs) Cette d\u00e9cision consacre une approche pragmatique de la preuve en mati\u00e8re de cr\u00e9dit affect\u00e9. La cour s’attache \u00e0 la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 \u00e9conomique de l’op\u00e9ration plut\u00f4t qu’\u00e0 une stricte concordance des dates. Elle valide ainsi le principe d’interd\u00e9pendance contractuelle malgr\u00e9 l’absence du contrat principal.<\/p>\n

La suspension du cr\u00e9dit en cas de litige sur le contrat principal<\/p>\n

La cour applique ensuite le dispositif l\u00e9gal de suspension. L’article L. 312-55 du code de la consommation pr\u00e9voit cette mesure protectrice. La condition est l’existence d’une contestation s\u00e9rieuse sur l’ex\u00e9cution du contrat principal. L’emprunteur justifie d’une instance en cours visant \u00e0 annuler le contrat de travaux. Un rapport d’expertise judiciaire \u00e9taye ses pr\u00e9tentions dans cette autre proc\u00e9dure. La cour estime donc que les conditions l\u00e9gales sont r\u00e9unies pour prononcer la suspension.<\/p>\n

Elle fait ainsi droit \u00e0 la demande subsidiaire de l’emprunteur. “Alors que M. [J] conteste dans le cadre d’une autre instance en premier ressort l’ex\u00e9cution du contrat principal (…) il y a lieu, sur le fondement de l’article L 312-55 pr\u00e9cit\u00e9 de faire droit \u00e0 sa demande subsidiaire de suspension.” (Motifs) Cette solution assure la coh\u00e9rence du r\u00e9gime du cr\u00e9dit affect\u00e9. Elle emp\u00eache le cr\u00e9ancier de cr\u00e9dit de poursuivre son recouvrement pendant que le bien ou service financ\u00e9 est contest\u00e9. La port\u00e9e est significative pour la protection des consommateurs dans les op\u00e9rations li\u00e9es.<\/p>\n

La d\u00e9cision \u00e9carte implicitement la question de la d\u00e9ch\u00e9ance du terme. La cour ne reprend pas le d\u00e9bat sur la r\u00e9gularit\u00e9 de la mise en demeure. En ordonnant la suspension, elle rend sans objet la demande en remboursement anticip\u00e9. Cette approche \u00e9vite de se prononcer sur le fond de la d\u00e9ch\u00e9ance. Elle rappelle que la suspension est une mesure autonome et pr\u00e9ventive. La valeur de l’arr\u00eat r\u00e9side dans son application concr\u00e8te du m\u00e9canisme protecteur.<\/p>\n

L’arr\u00eat renforce la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 juridique des emprunteurs dans les cr\u00e9dits affect\u00e9s. Il confirme que la suspension s’applique d\u00e8s qu’un litige s\u00e9rieux existe sur le contrat principal. La cour adopte une interpr\u00e9tation large de l’interd\u00e9pendance entre les contrats. Cette analyse pragmatique pr\u00e9vaut sur les incertitudes documentaires initiales. La solution garantit l’effectivit\u00e9 de la protection l\u00e9gale du consommateur. Elle assure l’\u00e9quilibre des relations dans les op\u00e9rations de financement li\u00e9.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La Cour d’appel de Montpellier, en sa quatri\u00e8me chambre civile, statue le dix-huit septembre deux mille vingt-cinq. Un emprunteur avait souscrit un cr\u00e9dit af…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":232070755,"featured_media":4876,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_kj_source_type":"judilibre","_kj_official_id":"68cce850ba63873187f7683a","_kj_official_url":"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/68cce850ba63873187f7683a","_kj_judilibre_id":"68cce850ba63873187f7683a","_kj_jur":"Cour d'appel","_kj_lieu":"Cour d'appel de Montpellier","_kj_chambre":"4e chambre civile","_kj_rg":"24\/02486","_kj_date":"2025-09-18","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[7597],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-682578","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jurisprudence"],"yoast_head":"\nCour d'appel de Montpellier, le 18 septembre 2025, n\u00b024\/02486 - Ma\u00eetre Hassan Kohen, avocat en droit p\u00e9nal \u00e0 Paris<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La Cour d'appel de Montpellier, en sa quatri\u00e8me chambre civile, statue le dix-huit septembre deux mille vingt-cinq. 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