{"id":798983,"date":"2026-05-01T06:48:02","date_gmt":"2026-05-01T04:48:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/conseil-constitutionnel-le-31-janvier-2019-n2018-5676\/"},"modified":"2026-05-01T06:48:02","modified_gmt":"2026-05-01T04:48:02","slug":"conseil-constitutionnel-le-31-janvier-2019-n2018-5676","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/zh-hans\/conseil-constitutionnel-le-31-janvier-2019-n2018-5676\/","title":{"rendered":"Conseil constitutionnel, le 31 janvier 2019, n\u00b02018-5676"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Le Conseil constitutionnel, dans sa d\u00e9cision du 31 janvier 2019 rendue publique le lendemain, a \u00e9t\u00e9 saisi par la Commission nationale des comptes de campagne et des financements politiques. Un candidat aux \u00e9lections l\u00e9gislatives en Guyane, ayant obtenu plus de 1% des suffrages, n’avait pas d\u00e9pos\u00e9 son compte de campagne dans le d\u00e9lai l\u00e9gal. La question de droit portait sur l’application de l’in\u00e9ligibilit\u00e9 pr\u00e9vue par l’article L.O. 136-1 du code \u00e9lectoral en cas de manquement \u00e0 cette obligation. Le Conseil constitutionnel a prononc\u00e9 l’in\u00e9ligibilit\u00e9 du candidat pour une dur\u00e9e de trois ans \u00e0 compter de sa d\u00e9cision.<\/p>\n

L’obligation de d\u00e9poser un compte de campagne par un candidat soumis au plafonnement des d\u00e9penses.<\/p>\n

Le juge constitutionnel rappelle d’abord le cadre l\u00e9gal applicable \u00e0 tout candidat ayant recueilli au moins 1% des suffrages exprim\u00e9s. Il r\u00e9sulte de l’article L. 52-12 du code \u00e9lectoral que ce candidat “doit \u00e9tablir un compte de campagne retra\u00e7ant, selon leur origine, l’ensemble des recettes per\u00e7ues et, selon leur nature, l’ensemble des d\u00e9penses engag\u00e9es ou effectu\u00e9es en vue de l’\u00e9lection”. Ce compte doit \u00eatre d\u00e9pos\u00e9 avant une date butoir pr\u00e9cise, le dixi\u00e8me vendredi suivant le premier tour de scrutin, et pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 par un expert-comptable.<\/p>\n

La sanction automatique du d\u00e9faut de d\u00e9p\u00f4t en l’absence de circonstances particuli\u00e8res.<\/p>\n

Le Conseil constate que le candidat, ayant obtenu le seuil requis de suffrages, n’a pas satisfait \u00e0 cette obligation imp\u00e9rative. Il rel\u00e8ve que “M. RICH\u00c9 n’avait pas d\u00e9pos\u00e9 son compte de campagne” et “n’avait pas davantage produit une attestation d’absence de d\u00e9pense et de recette \u00e9tablie par un mandataire”. L’absence de toute circonstance particuli\u00e8re justifiant ce manquement conduit le juge \u00e0 appliquer la lettre de l’article L.O. 136-1.<\/p>\n

La port\u00e9e de cette d\u00e9cision r\u00e9side dans l’automaticit\u00e9 de la sanction pour un manquement purement formel.<\/p>\n

Le Conseil constitutionnel ne se livre \u00e0 aucun contr\u00f4le de proportionnalit\u00e9 au regard des faits personnels du candidat. Il se borne \u00e0 v\u00e9rifier l’absence d’\u00e9l\u00e9ment justificatif, comme en t\u00e9moigne la formule “Il ne r\u00e9sulte pas de l’instruction que des circonstances particuli\u00e8res \u00e9taient de nature \u00e0 justifier la m\u00e9connaissance des obligations”. Cette approche stricte conf\u00e8re \u00e0 la d\u00e9cision une valeur de principe, rappelant le caract\u00e8re absolu de l’obligation de d\u00e9p\u00f4t.<\/p>\n

La port\u00e9e de cette solution est de garantir l’effectivit\u00e9 du contr\u00f4le des comptes de campagne.<\/p>\n

En pronon\u00e7ant une in\u00e9ligibilit\u00e9 de trois ans, le Conseil constitutionnel souligne la gravit\u00e9 que rev\u00eat le non-respect des r\u00e8gles de financement \u00e9lectoral. Cette sanction vise \u00e0 pr\u00e9server la sinc\u00e9rit\u00e9 du scrutin et l’\u00e9galit\u00e9 entre les candidats. La d\u00e9cision confirme que le simple d\u00e9faut de d\u00e9p\u00f4t, sans m\u00eame un d\u00e9ficit ou une irr\u00e9gularit\u00e9 comptable, suffit \u00e0 entra\u00eener la sanction la plus lourde pr\u00e9vue par le code \u00e9lectoral.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le Conseil constitutionnel, dans sa d\u00e9cision du 31 janvier 2019 rendue publique le lendemain, a \u00e9t\u00e9 saisi par la Commission nationale des comptes de campagne…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":232070755,"featured_media":9526,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_kj_source_type":"cc","_kj_official_id":"CONSTEXT000038472132","_kj_official_url":"https:\/\/www.conseil-constitutionnel.fr\/decision\/2019\/20185676AN.htm","_kj_judilibre_id":"","_kj_jur":"Conseil constitutionnel","_kj_lieu":"Paris","_kj_chambre":"AN","_kj_rg":"2018-5676","_kj_date":"2019-02-01","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[7597],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-798983","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jurisprudence"],"yoast_head":"\nConseil constitutionnel, le 31 janvier 2019, n\u00b02018-5676 - 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