{"id":799198,"date":"2026-05-01T06:57:43","date_gmt":"2026-05-01T04:57:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/conseil-constitutionnel-le-5-octobre-2018-n2018-5509-2\/"},"modified":"2026-05-01T06:57:43","modified_gmt":"2026-05-01T04:57:43","slug":"conseil-constitutionnel-le-5-octobre-2018-n2018-5509-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/zh-hans\/conseil-constitutionnel-le-5-octobre-2018-n2018-5509-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Conseil constitutionnel, le 5 octobre 2018, n\u00b02018-5509"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Le Conseil constitutionnel, dans sa d\u00e9cision du 5 octobre 2018, a \u00e9t\u00e9 saisi par la Commission nationale des comptes de campagne. Les faits concernent un candidat aux \u00e9lections l\u00e9gislatives de juin 2017 en Guadeloupe. Ce candidat, ayant obtenu moins de 1% des suffrages, n’a d\u00e9pos\u00e9 aucun compte de campagne ni attestation d’absence de recettes. La question centrale portait sur la pr\u00e9somption de perception de dons en l’absence de restitution des carnets de re\u00e7us. Le Conseil constitutionnel a prononc\u00e9 l’in\u00e9ligibilit\u00e9 de ce candidat pour une dur\u00e9e de trois ans.<\/p>\n

I. La pr\u00e9somption de perception de dons et son renversement impossible.
Le juge constitutionnel \u00e9tablit un r\u00e9gime probatoire sp\u00e9cifique fond\u00e9 sur une pr\u00e9somption simple. L’absence de restitution des carnets de re\u00e7us-dons fait pr\u00e9sumer que le candidat a per\u00e7u des dons de personnes physiques. Cette pr\u00e9somption est explicitement qualifi\u00e9e de r\u00e9fragable, car elle “peut \u00eatre combattue par tous moyens”<\/em> (Cons. 5). La charge de la preuve incombe donc au candidat pour d\u00e9montrer l’absence de perception effective.<\/p>\n

En l’esp\u00e8ce, le candidat n’a pas r\u00e9ussi \u00e0 renverser cette pr\u00e9somption. Son all\u00e9gation de restitution des carnets en sous-pr\u00e9fecture n’a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 confirm\u00e9e par l’administration. Les autres \u00e9l\u00e9ments produits n’ont pas \u00e9t\u00e9 jug\u00e9s suffisants par le Conseil constitutionnel. La valeur de cette solution est de maintenir un \u00e9quilibre entre la rigueur du contr\u00f4le financier et les droits de la d\u00e9fense.<\/p>\n

II. La sanction de l’in\u00e9ligibilit\u00e9 face \u00e0 l’absence de justification.
Le Conseil constitutionnel applique la sanction pr\u00e9vue \u00e0 l’article L.O. 136-1 du code \u00e9lectoral. Il constate que le candidat n’a pas respect\u00e9 les obligations de d\u00e9p\u00f4t du compte de campagne. Le juge rel\u00e8ve qu’“il ne r\u00e9sulte pas de l’instruction que des circonstances particuli\u00e8res \u00e9taient de nature \u00e0 justifier la m\u00e9connaissance”<\/em> (Cons. 5). Aucune excuse l\u00e9gitime n’a donc \u00e9t\u00e9 retenue.<\/p>\n

La port\u00e9e de cette d\u00e9cision est de rappeler le caract\u00e8re automatique de la sanction en cas de manquement non justifi\u00e9. Le Conseil constitutionnel fait preuve de s\u00e9v\u00e9rit\u00e9 en pronon\u00e7ant une in\u00e9ligibilit\u00e9 de trois ans. Cette solution souligne l’importance de la transparence financi\u00e8re dans le processus \u00e9lectoral. Le sens de l’arr\u00eat est de garantir l’effectivit\u00e9 des r\u00e8gles de financement politique.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le Conseil constitutionnel, dans sa d\u00e9cision du 5 octobre 2018, a \u00e9t\u00e9 saisi par la Commission nationale des comptes de campagne. 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